Marine biogenic emissions of benzene and toluene and their contribution to secondary organic aerosols over the polar oceans
Reactive trace gas emissions from the polar oceans are poorly characterized, even though their effects on atmospheric chemistry and aerosol formation are crucial for assessing current and preindustrial aerosol forcing on climate. Here, we present seawater and atmospheric measurements of benzene and...
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American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2023
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add9031 https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/sciadv.add9031 |
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craaas:10.1126/sciadv.add9031 2024-06-23T07:49:40+00:00 Marine biogenic emissions of benzene and toluene and their contribution to secondary organic aerosols over the polar oceans Wohl, Charel Li, Qinyi Cuevas, Carlos A. Fernandez, Rafael P. Yang, Mingxi Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso Simó, Rafel 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add9031 https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/sciadv.add9031 en eng American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Science Advances volume 9, issue 4 ISSN 2375-2548 journal-article 2023 craaas https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add9031 2024-06-06T04:01:33Z Reactive trace gas emissions from the polar oceans are poorly characterized, even though their effects on atmospheric chemistry and aerosol formation are crucial for assessing current and preindustrial aerosol forcing on climate. Here, we present seawater and atmospheric measurements of benzene and toluene, two gases typically associated with pollution, in the remote Southern Ocean and the Arctic marginal ice zone. Their distribution suggests a marine biogenic source. Calculated emission fluxes were 0.023 ± 0.030 (benzene) and 0.039 ± 0.036 (toluene) and 0.023 ± 0.028 (benzene) and 0.034 ± 0.041 (toluene) μmol m −2 day −1 for the Southern Ocean and the Arctic, respectively. Including these average emissions in a chemistry-climate model increased secondary organic aerosol mass concentrations only by 0.1% over the Arctic but by 7.7% over the Southern Ocean, with transient episodes of up to 77.3%. Climate models should consider the hitherto overlooked emissions of benzene and toluene from the polar oceans. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Southern Ocean AAAS Resource Center (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Arctic Southern Ocean Science Advances 9 4 |
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Open Polar |
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AAAS Resource Center (American Association for the Advancement of Science) |
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craaas |
language |
English |
description |
Reactive trace gas emissions from the polar oceans are poorly characterized, even though their effects on atmospheric chemistry and aerosol formation are crucial for assessing current and preindustrial aerosol forcing on climate. Here, we present seawater and atmospheric measurements of benzene and toluene, two gases typically associated with pollution, in the remote Southern Ocean and the Arctic marginal ice zone. Their distribution suggests a marine biogenic source. Calculated emission fluxes were 0.023 ± 0.030 (benzene) and 0.039 ± 0.036 (toluene) and 0.023 ± 0.028 (benzene) and 0.034 ± 0.041 (toluene) μmol m −2 day −1 for the Southern Ocean and the Arctic, respectively. Including these average emissions in a chemistry-climate model increased secondary organic aerosol mass concentrations only by 0.1% over the Arctic but by 7.7% over the Southern Ocean, with transient episodes of up to 77.3%. Climate models should consider the hitherto overlooked emissions of benzene and toluene from the polar oceans. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wohl, Charel Li, Qinyi Cuevas, Carlos A. Fernandez, Rafael P. Yang, Mingxi Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso Simó, Rafel |
spellingShingle |
Wohl, Charel Li, Qinyi Cuevas, Carlos A. Fernandez, Rafael P. Yang, Mingxi Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso Simó, Rafel Marine biogenic emissions of benzene and toluene and their contribution to secondary organic aerosols over the polar oceans |
author_facet |
Wohl, Charel Li, Qinyi Cuevas, Carlos A. Fernandez, Rafael P. Yang, Mingxi Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso Simó, Rafel |
author_sort |
Wohl, Charel |
title |
Marine biogenic emissions of benzene and toluene and their contribution to secondary organic aerosols over the polar oceans |
title_short |
Marine biogenic emissions of benzene and toluene and their contribution to secondary organic aerosols over the polar oceans |
title_full |
Marine biogenic emissions of benzene and toluene and their contribution to secondary organic aerosols over the polar oceans |
title_fullStr |
Marine biogenic emissions of benzene and toluene and their contribution to secondary organic aerosols over the polar oceans |
title_full_unstemmed |
Marine biogenic emissions of benzene and toluene and their contribution to secondary organic aerosols over the polar oceans |
title_sort |
marine biogenic emissions of benzene and toluene and their contribution to secondary organic aerosols over the polar oceans |
publisher |
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add9031 https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/sciadv.add9031 |
geographic |
Arctic Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Southern Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Arctic Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Science Advances volume 9, issue 4 ISSN 2375-2548 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add9031 |
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Science Advances |
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9 |
container_issue |
4 |
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1802640247349051392 |