Michigan
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Michigan consists of two peninsulas. The Lower Peninsula resembles the shape of a mitten, and comprises a majority of the state's land area. The Upper Peninsula (often called "the U.P.") is separated from the Lower Peninsula by the Straits of Mackinac, a channel that joins Lake Huron to Lake Michigan. The Mackinac Bridge connects the peninsulas. Michigan has the longest freshwater coastline of any political subdivision in the United States, being bordered by four of the five Great Lakes and Lake St. Clair. It also has 64,980 inland lakes and ponds. Michigan has the second-most water area of any state, behind only Alaska.
The area was first occupied by a succession of Native American tribes over thousands of years. In the 17th century, French explorers claimed it as part of the New France colony, when it was largely inhabited by Indigenous peoples. French and Canadian traders and settlers, Métis, and others migrated to the area, settling largely along the waterways. After France's defeat in the French and Indian War in 1762, the region came under British rule. Britain ceded the territory to the newly independent United States after its defeat in the American Revolutionary War. The area was part of the larger Northwest Territory until 1800, when western Michigan became part of the Indiana Territory. Michigan Territory was formed in 1805, but some of the northern border with Canada was not agreed upon until after the War of 1812. Michigan was admitted into the Union in 1837 as the 26th state, a free one. It soon became an important center of industry and trade in the Great Lakes region, attracting immigrants in the late 19th and early 20th centuries from many European countries. Immigrants from Finland, Macedonia, and the Netherlands were especially numerous. Migration from Appalachia and of Black Southerners as part of the Great Migration increased in the 1930s, with many settling in Metro Detroit.
Although Michigan has developed a diverse economy, in the early 20th century it became widely known as the center of the U.S. automotive industry, which developed as a major national economic force. It is home to the country's three major automobile companies (whose headquarters are all in Metro Detroit). Once exploited for logging and mining, today the sparsely populated Upper Peninsula is important for tourism because of its abundance of natural resources. The Lower Peninsula is a center of manufacturing, forestry, agriculture, services, and high-tech industry. Provided by Wikipedia
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1Altered fine motor function at school age in Inuit children exposed to PCBs, methylmercury, and leadby Boucher, Olivier, Muckle, Gina, Ayotte, Pierre, Dewailly, Eric, Jacobson, Sandra W., Jacobson, Joseph L.Contributors: “...Lycaki-Young Fund from the State of Michigan...”
Published in Environment International (2016)
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2by Verner, Marc-André, Plusquellec, Pierrich, Desjardins, Justine Laura, Cartier, Chloé, Haddad, Sami, Ayotte, Pierre, Dewailly, Éric, Muckle, GinaContributors: “...State of Michigan...”
Published in Environment International (2015)
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3by Decaluwe, Béatrice, Jacobson, Sandra W., Poirier, Marie-Andrée, Forget-Dubois, Nadine, Jacobson, Joseph L., Muckle, GinaContributors: “...State of Michigan...”
Published in American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (2015)
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4by Medehouenou, Thierry Comlan Marc, Roy, Cynthia, Tremblay, Pierre-Yves, St-Jean, Audray, Meziou, Salma, Muckle, Gina, Ayotte, Pierre, Lucas, MichelContributors: “...Joseph Young, Sr., Fund, State of Michigan...”
Published in International Journal of Circumpolar Health (2021)
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5by Valera, Beatriz, Muckle, Gina, Poirier, Paul, Jacobson, Sandra W., Jacobson, Joseph L., Dewailly, EricContributors: “...the Joseph Young, Sr. Fund from the State of Michigan...”
Published in NeuroToxicology (2012)
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6by Tahir, Emad, Cordier, Sylvaine, Courtemanche, Yohann, Forget-Dubois, Nadine, Desrochers-Couture, Mireille, Bélanger, Richard E, Ayotte, Pierre, Jacobson, Joseph L, Jacobson, Sandra W, Muckle, GinaContributors: “...); the Northern Contaminants Program from Government Canada; and the Lycaki-Young Fund from the State of Michigan...”
Published in Environmental Research (2020)
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7by Tahir, Emad, Cordier, Sylvaine, Courtemanche, Yohann, Forget-Dubois, Nadine, Desrochers-Couture, Mireille, Bélanger, Richard E, Ayotte, Pierre, Jacobson, Joseph L, Jacobson, Sandra W, Muckle, GinaContributors: “...); the Northern Contaminants Program from Government Canada; and the Lycaki-Young Fund from the State of Michigan...”
Published in Environmental Research (2020)
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8by Tahir, Emad, Cordier, Sylvaine, Courtemanche, Yohann, Forget-Dubois, Nadine, Desrochers-Couture, Mireille, Bélanger, Richard E, Ayotte, Pierre, Jacobson, Joseph L, Jacobson, Sandra W, Muckle, GinaContributors: “...); the Northern Contaminants Program from Government Canada; and the Lycaki-Young Fund from the State of Michigan...”
Published in Environmental Research (2020)
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9by Tahir, Emad, Cordier, Sylvaine, Courtemanche, Yohann, Forget-Dubois, Nadine, Desrochers-Couture, Mireille, Bélanger, Richard E, Ayotte, Pierre, Jacobson, Joseph L, Jacobson, Sandra W, Muckle, GinaContributors: “...); the Northern Contaminants Program from Government Canada; and the Lycaki-Young Fund from the State of Michigan...”
Published in Environmental Research (2020)
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10by Verner, Marc-André, Plusquellec, Pierrich, Desjardins, Justine Laura, Cartier, Chloé, Haddad, Sami, Ayotte, Pierre, Dewailly, Éric, Muckle, GinaContributors: “...State of Michigan...”
Published in Environment International (2015)
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11by Verner, Marc-André, Plusquellec, Pierrich, Desjardins, Justine Laura, Cartier, Chloé, Haddad, Sami, Ayotte, Pierre, Dewailly, Éric, Muckle, GinaContributors: “...State of Michigan...”
Published in Environment International (2015)
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12by Verner, Marc-André, Plusquellec, Pierrich, Desjardins, Justine Laura, Cartier, Chloé, Haddad, Sami, Ayotte, Pierre, Dewailly, Éric, Muckle, GinaContributors: “...State of Michigan...”
Published in Environment International (2015)
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13by Verner, Marc-André, Plusquellec, Pierrich, Desjardins, Justine Laura, Cartier, Chloé, Haddad, Sami, Ayotte, Pierre, Dewailly, Éric, Muckle, GinaContributors: “...State of Michigan...”
Published in Environment International (2015)
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14by Cartier, Chloé, Muckle, Gina, Jacobson, Sandra W, Jacobson, Joseph L, Dewailly, Eric, Ayotte, Pierre, Chevrier, Cécile, Saint-Amour, DaveContributors: “... Contaminants Program (G.M.), a Joseph Young, Sr., grant from the State of Michigan (S.W.J.), the Canadian...”
Published in NeuroToxicology (2014)
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15by Cartier, Chloé, Muckle, Gina, Jacobson, Sandra W, Jacobson, Joseph L, Dewailly, Eric, Ayotte, Pierre, Chevrier, Cécile, Saint-Amour, DaveContributors: “... Contaminants Program (G.M.), a Joseph Young, Sr., grant from the State of Michigan (S.W.J.), the Canadian...”
Published in NeuroToxicology (2014)
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16by Cartier, Chloé, Muckle, Gina, Jacobson, Sandra W, Jacobson, Joseph L, Dewailly, Eric, Ayotte, Pierre, Chevrier, Cécile, Saint-Amour, DaveContributors: “... Contaminants Program (G.M.), a Joseph Young, Sr., grant from the State of Michigan (S.W.J.), the Canadian...”
Published in NeuroToxicology (2014)
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17by Cartier, Chloé, Muckle, Gina, Jacobson, Sandra W, Jacobson, Joseph L, Dewailly, Eric, Ayotte, Pierre, Chevrier, Cécile, Saint-Amour, DaveContributors: “... Contaminants Program (G.M.), a Joseph Young, Sr., grant from the State of Michigan (S.W.J.), the Canadian...”
Published in NeuroToxicology (2014)
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