Muhammad Ali
Muhammad Ali (; born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and activist. Nicknamed "the Greatest", he is regarded as one of the most significant sports figures of the 20th century and is often regarded as the greatest heavyweight boxer of all time. He held the ''Ring'' magazine heavyweight title from 1964 to 1970. He was the undisputed champion from 1974 to 1978 and the WBA and ''Ring'' heavyweight champion from 1978 to 1979. In 1999, he was named Sportsman of the Century by ''Sports Illustrated'' and the Sports Personality of the Century by the BBC.Born and raised in Louisville, Kentucky, he began training as an amateur boxer at age 12. At 18, he won a gold medal in the light heavyweight division at the 1960 Summer Olympics and turned professional later that year. He converted to Islam after 1961. He won the world heavyweight championship, defeating Sonny Liston in a major upset on February 25, 1964, at age 22. During that year, he denounced his birth name as a "slave name" and formally changed his name to Muhammad Ali. In 1967, Ali refused to be drafted into the military, owing to his religious beliefs and ethical opposition to the Vietnam War, and was found guilty of draft evasion and stripped of his boxing titles. He stayed out of prison while appealing the decision to the Supreme Court, where his conviction was overturned in 1971. He did not fight for nearly four years and lost a period of peak performance as an athlete. Ali's actions as a conscientious objector to the Vietnam War made him an icon for the larger counterculture of the 1960s generation, and he was a very high-profile figure of racial pride for African Americans during the civil rights movement and throughout his career. As a Muslim, Ali was initially affiliated with Elijah Muhammad's Nation of Islam (NOI). He later disavowed the NOI, adhering to Sunni Islam.
He fought in several historic boxing matches, including his highly publicized fights with Sonny Liston, Joe Frazier (including the Fight of the Century, the biggest boxing event up until then), the Thrilla in Manila, and his fight with George Foreman in The Rumble in the Jungle. Ali thrived in the spotlight at a time when many boxers let their managers do the talking, and he became renowned for his provocative and outlandish persona. He was famous for trash-talking, often free-styled with rhyme schemes and spoken word poetry, and has been recognized as a pioneer in hip hop. He often predicted in which round he would knock out his opponent. As a boxer, Ali was known for his unorthodox movement, fancy footwork, head movement, and rope-a-dope technique, among others.
Outside boxing, Ali attained success as a spoken word artist, releasing two studio albums: ''I Am the Greatest!'' (1963) and ''The Adventures of Ali and His Gang vs. Mr. Tooth Decay'' (1976). Both albums received Grammy Award nominations. He also featured as an actor and writer, releasing two autobiographies. Ali retired from boxing in 1981 and focused on religion, philanthropy, and activism. In 1984, he made public his diagnosis of Parkinson's syndrome, which some reports attributed to boxing-related injuries, though he and his specialist physicians disputed this. He remained an active public figure globally, but in his later years made fewer public appearances as his condition worsened, and he was cared for by his family. Provided by Wikipedia
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1by Mohammed, Ali JasimGet access
Published 2018
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9by Mohammed, Ali J., Alarcón, Marta, Pino, DavidGet access
Published in International Journal of Climatology (2018)
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10by Melaku Hailu, Nana Chea, Musa Mohammed Ali, Mesay HailuGet access
Published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2023)
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11by Majed Hamdi Wakid, Angham Ahmed Almakki, Nouf Saleh Alsahaf, Mohammed Ali AlmatrafiGet access
Published in Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine (2022)
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12by Abebe Mohammed Ali, Roshanak Darvishzadeh, Andrew Skidmore, Marco Heurich, Marc Paganini, Uta Heiden, Sander MücherGet access
Published in Remote Sensing (2020)
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14by Shaali Ame, Fatma Kabole, Alphoncina Masako Nanai, Pauline Mwinzi, Denise Mupfasoni, Said Mohammed Ali, Antonio MontresorGet access
Published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2022)
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15by Shaali Ame, Fatma Kabole, Alphoncina Masako Nanai, Pauline Mwinzi, Denise Mupfasoni, Said Mohammed Ali, Antonio MontresorGet access
Published 2022
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16by Mohammed Ali Saghir, Waled A. M. Ahmed, Mustafa Mohammed Abdullah Dhaiban, Murwan Eissa Osman, Naif Izzatullah AbduljabbarGet access
Published in Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association (2022)
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17by Lydia Trippler, Shaali Makame Ame, Jan Hattendorf, Saleh Juma, Salum Abubakar, Said Mohammed Ali, Fatma Kabole, David Rollinson, Stefanie KnoppGet access
Published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2021)
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18by Maria P Rebollo, Khalfan A Mohammed, Brent Thomas, Shaali Ame, Said Mohammed Ali, Jorge Cano, Alba Gonzalez Escalada, Moses J BockarieGet access
Published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2015)
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19by Mai Mohammed Farid, Sameh Reda Hussein, Lamiaa Fawzy Ibrahim, Mohammed Ali El Desouky, Amr Mohammed Elsayed, Ahmad Ali El Oqlah, Mahmoud Mohammed SakerGet access
Published in Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine (2015)
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20by Mohammed Saleh AlQahtani, Sami saleh almalki, MOHAMMED ALI AL MUJRI, FAISAL FAHAD ALMOTAIRI, Mohammed shatwi alqahtani, Thabit Ehsan Arnous, Mohammed Shaye alqhtani, Bader Ali Hazazi, Kholoud Rabah Alrashedi, Ghadeer Mohd alonaziGet access
Published 2022
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