Postdoctoral researcher
| thumb = right | label1 = Life sciences | value1 = 65 | color1 = Green | label2 = Physical sciences | value2 = 13 | color2 = Purple | label3 = Engineering | value3 = 11 | color3 = Blue | label4 = Math and computer sciences | value4 = 3 | color4 = White | label5 = Geosciences | value5 = 3 | color5 = Orange | label6 = Psychology, social sciences and others | value6 = 5 | color6 = Red }}A postdoctoral fellow, postdoctoral researcher, or simply postdoc, is a person professionally conducting research after the completion of their doctoral studies (typically a PhD). Postdocs most commonly, but not always, have a temporary academic appointment, sometimes in preparation for an academic faculty position. According to data from the US National Science Foundation, the number of holders of PhD in biological sciences who end up in tenure track has consistently dropped from over 50% in 1973 to less than 20% in 2006. They continue their studies or carry out research and further increase expertise in a specialist subject, including integrating a team and acquiring novel skills and research methods. Postdoctoral research is often considered essential while advancing the scholarly mission of the host institution; it is expected to produce relevant publications in peer-reviewed academic journals or conferences. In some countries, postdoctoral research may lead to further formal qualifications or certification, while in other countries, it does not.
Postdoctoral research may be funded through an appointment with a salary or an appointment with a stipend or sponsorship award. Appointments for such a research position may be called postdoctoral research fellow, postdoctoral research associate, or postdoctoral research assistant. Postdoctoral researchers typically work under the supervision of a principal investigator. In many English-speaking countries, postdoctoral researchers are colloquially referred to as "postdocs". Provided by Wikipedia
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41by He, Kai, Liu, Qi, Xu, Dong-Ming, Qi, Fei-Yan, Bai, Jing, He, Shui-Wang, Chen, Peng, Zhou, Xin, Cai, Wan-Zhi, Chen, Zhong-Zheng, Liu, Zhen, Jiang, Xue-Long, Shi, PengContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in Science (2021)
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42by Fang, Sinan, Lin, Zhenzhou, Zhang, Zhansong, Zhang, Chaomo, Pan, Heping, Du, TingContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering (2020)
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43Contributors: “...Lamont-Doherty Postdoctoral Fellowship...”
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44by Segovia, N. I., González-Wevar, C. A., Naretto, J., Rosenfeld, S., Brickle, P., Hüne, M., Bernal, V., Haye, P. A., Poulin, E.Contributors: “...ANID postdoctoral Project...”
Published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (2022)
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45by Song, Yuan-Mei, Wang, Fei, Guo, Gang, Luo, Sheng-Jun, Guo, Rong-BoContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering (2017)
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46by Wang, Yangxin, Zhang, Ningning, Zhang, En, Han, Yunhu, Qi, Zhenhui, Ansorge‐Schumacher, Marion B., Ge, Yan, Wu, ChangzhuContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in Chemistry – A European Journal (2019)
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47by Tang, Zheng, Shi, Xuefa, Zhang, Xu, Chen, Zhihua, Chen, Min-Te, Wang, Xiangqin, Wang, Haozhuang, Liu, Helin, Lohmann, Gerrit, Li, Peiying, Ge, Shulan, Huang, YuanhuiContributors: “...Postdoctoral Foundation of Qingdao...”
Published in Quaternary International (2016)
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48by Porter, Trevor J., Froese, Duane G., Feakins, Sarah J., Bindeman, Ilya N., Mahony, Matthew E., Pautler, Brent G., Reichart, Gert-Jan, Sanborn, Paul T., Simpson, Myrna J., Weijers, Johan W.H.Contributors: “...I.W. Killam Memorial Postdoctoral Fellowship...”
Published in Quaternary Science Reviews (2016)
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49by Stevenson, E.I., Fantle, M.S., Das, S.B., Williams, H.M., Aciego, S.M.Contributors: “...Turner Postdoctoral Fellowship...”
Published in Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (2017)
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50by Huang, Yan, Ren, Yibin, Li, XiaofengContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in 2022 Photonics & Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS) (2022)
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51Contributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Postdoctoral Research Fellowship...”
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52Contributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
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53Long-term in situ permafrost thaw effects on bacterial communities and potential aerobic respirationby Monteux, Sylvain, Weedon, James T, Blume-Werry, Gesche, Gavazov, Konstantin, Jassey, Vincent E J, Johansson, Margareta, Keuper, Frida, Olid, Carolina, Dorrepaal, EllenContributors: “...Flemish Science Foundation postdoctoral fellowship...”
Published in The ISME Journal (2018)
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54by Fernández, Pamela A., Navarro, Jorge M., Camus, Carolina, Torres, Rodrigo, Buschmann, Alejandro H.Contributors: “...ANID/FONDECYT-Postdoctoral...”
Published in Scientific Reports (2021)
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55by Zhang, Yi, Xu, Yixian, Mooney, Walter D, Chen, ChaoContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in Geophysical Journal International (2021)
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56by Trebilco, Rowan, Melbourne-Thomas, Jess, Constable, Andrew JohnContributors: “...RJL Hawke Postdoctoral Fellowship...”
Published in Marine Policy (2020)
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58Contributors: “...Turner Postdoctoral Fellowship...”
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59Contributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Postdoctoral Fellowship for Foreign Researchers...”
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60Contributors: “...University of California President's Postdoctoral Fellowship Program...”
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