Postdoctoral researcher
| thumb = right | label1 = Life sciences | value1 = 65 | color1 = Green | label2 = Physical sciences | value2 = 13 | color2 = Purple | label3 = Engineering | value3 = 11 | color3 = Blue | label4 = Math and computer sciences | value4 = 3 | color4 = White | label5 = Geosciences | value5 = 3 | color5 = Orange | label6 = Psychology, social sciences and others | value6 = 5 | color6 = Red }}A postdoctoral fellow, postdoctoral researcher, or simply postdoc, is a person professionally conducting research after the completion of their doctoral studies (typically a PhD). Postdocs most commonly, but not always, have a temporary academic appointment, sometimes in preparation for an academic faculty position. According to data from the US National Science Foundation, the number of holders of PhD in biological sciences who end up in tenure track has consistently dropped from over 50% in 1973 to less than 20% in 2006. They continue their studies or carry out research and further increase expertise in a specialist subject, including integrating a team and acquiring novel skills and research methods. Postdoctoral research is often considered essential while advancing the scholarly mission of the host institution; it is expected to produce relevant publications in peer-reviewed academic journals or conferences. In some countries, postdoctoral research may lead to further formal qualifications or certification, while in other countries, it does not.
Postdoctoral research may be funded through an appointment with a salary or an appointment with a stipend or sponsorship award. Appointments for such a research position may be called postdoctoral research fellow, postdoctoral research associate, or postdoctoral research assistant. Postdoctoral researchers typically work under the supervision of a principal investigator. In many English-speaking countries, postdoctoral researchers are colloquially referred to as "postdocs". Provided by Wikipedia
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221by Wu, Li, Wilson, David J., Wang, Rujian, Passchier, Sandra, Krijgsman, Wout, Yu, Xun, Wen, Tingyu, Xiao, Wenshen, Liu, ZhifeiContributors: “...Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China...”
Published in Quaternary Science Reviews (2021)
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222by Li, Yanghui, Hu, Wenkang, Tang, Haoran, Wu, Peng, Liu, Tao, You, Zeshao, Yu, Tao, Song, YongchenContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in Energy (2023)
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223by Yao, Yao, Zhuo, Wenqin, Luo, Dehai, Simmonds, Ian, Luo, Binhe, Zhong, Linhao, Huang, FeiContributors: “...National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents...”
Published in Atmospheric Research (2024)
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224by Li, Yanghui, Wang, Le, Xie, Yao, Wu, Peng, Liu, Tao, Huang, Lei, Zhang, Shuheng, Song, YongchenContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in Energy (2023)
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225by Dalton, April S., Margold, Martin, Stokes, Chris R., Tarasov, Lev, Dyke, Arthur S., Adams, Roberta S., Allard, Serge, Arends, Heather E., Atkinson, Nigel, Attig, John W., Barnett, Peter J., Barnett, Robert L., Batterson, Martin, Bernatchez, Pascal, Borns, Harold W., Breckenridge, Andy, Briner, Jason P., Brouard, Etienne, Campbell, Janet E., Carlson, Anders E., Clague, John J., Curry, B. Brandon, Daigneault, Robert-André, Dubé-Loubert, Hugo, Easterbrook, Don J., Franzi, David A., Friedrich, Hannah G., Funder, Svend, Gauthier, Michelle S., Gowan, Angela S., Harris, Ken L., Hétu, Bernard, Hooyer, Tom S., Jennings, Carrie E., Johnson, Mark D., Kehew, Alan E., Kelley, Samuel E., Kerr, Daniel, King, Edward L., Kjeldsen, Kristian K., Knaeble, Alan R., Lajeunesse, Patrick, Lakeman, Thomas R., Lamothe, Michel, Larson, Phillip, Lavoie, Martin, Loope, Henry M., Lowell, Thomas V., Lusardi, Barbara A., Manz, LorraineContributors: “...International Postdoctoral Fellowship...”
Published in Quaternary Science Reviews (2020)
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226Contributors: “...Smithsonian Institution’s Secretary’s Distinguished Postdoctoral Fellowship...”
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227by Chen, Shangfeng, Guo, Jianping, Song, Linye, Li, Jian, Liu, Lin, Cohen, Jason BlakeContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in International Journal of Climatology (2018)
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228by Song, Jinjie, Klotzbach, Philip J, Dai, Yifei, Duan, YihongContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in Environmental Research Letters (2022)
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229Contributors: “... of the Russian Academy of Sciences) and postdoctoral fellowship (N 1.50.1617.2013...”
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230by Zong, Shengwei, Jin, Yinghua, Xu, Jiawei, Wu, Zhengfang, He, Hongshi, Du, Haibo, Wang, LeiContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in Science of The Total Environment (2016)
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231by Yasuhara, Moriaki, Hunt, Gene, Okahashi, HisayoContributors: “...Smithsonian Marine Science Network Postdoctoral Fellowship...”
Published in Journal of Systematic Palaeontology (2017)
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232by Li, Xuewei, Yang, Qinghua, Yu, Lejiang, Holland, Paul R, Min, Chao, Mu, Longjiang, Chen, DakeContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in Environmental Research Letters (2022)
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233by Liu, Tao, Wu, Peng, You, Zeshao, Yu, Tao, Song, Qi, Song, Yuanxin, Li, YanghuiContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in Energy (2023)
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234by Jing, Minyu, Zhang, Hanchao, Wei, Mingyue, Tang, Yongwei, Xia, Yan, Chen, Yahua, Shen, Zhenguo, Chen, ChenContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in Frontiers in Plant Science (2022)
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235by Wall, C. B., Mason, R. A. B., Ellis, W. R., Cunning, R., Gates, R. D.Contributors: “...NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology...”
Published in Royal Society Open Science (2017)
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236by Wang, Xin, Zhu, Maguang, Li, Xiaoqian, Qin, Zongze, Lu, Guanghao, Zhao, Jianwen, Zhang, ZhiyongContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in Advanced Materials (2022)
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237by Ma, Tianjiao, Chen, Wen, Huangfu, Jingliang, Song, Lei, Cai, QingyuContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in International Journal of Climatology (2021)
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238by Wang, Chaofeng, Wang, Xiaoyu, Xu, Zhiqiang, Hao, Qiang, Zhao, Yuan, Zhang, Wuchang, Xiao, TianContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Science Foundation...”
Published in Frontiers in Marine Science (2022)
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239by Wang, Feng, Yang, Dongkai, Niu, Mingjie, Yang, Lei, Zhang, BoContributors: “...China Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Support Program...”
Published in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing (2022)
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240by Pendleton, Simon, Condron, Alan, Donnelly, JeffreyContributors: “...) Postdoctoral Scholar Program at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution...”
Published in Communications Earth & Environment (2021)
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