Turtle
Stem-group turtles are from Middle Triassic | taxon = Testudines | authority = Batsch, 1788 | range_map = World.distribution.testudines.1.png | range_map_caption = Blue: sea turtles, black: land turtles | diversity_link = List of Testudines families | diversity = 14 living families | subdivision_ranks = Subgroups | subdivision = | synonyms = * Chelonii Latreille 1800 * Chelonia Ross and Macartney 1802 | synonyms_ref = }}Turtles are reptiles of the order Testudines, characterized by a special shell developed mainly from their ribs. Modern turtles are divided into two major groups, the Pleurodira (side necked turtles) and Cryptodira (hidden necked turtles), which differ in the way the head retracts. There are 360 living and recently extinct species of turtles, including land-dwelling tortoises and freshwater terrapins. They are found on most continents, some islands and, in the case of sea turtles, much of the ocean. Like other amniotes (reptiles, birds, and mammals) they breathe air and do not lay eggs underwater, although many species live in or around water.
Turtle shells are made mostly of bone; the upper part is the domed carapace, while the underside is the flatter plastron or belly-plate. Its outer surface is covered in scales made of keratin, the material of hair, horns, and claws. The carapace bones develop from ribs that grow sideways and develop into broad flat plates that join up to cover the body. Turtles are ectotherms or "cold-blooded", meaning that their internal temperature varies with their direct environment. They are generally opportunistic omnivores and mainly feed on plants and animals with limited movements. Many turtles migrate short distances seasonally. Sea turtles are the only reptiles that migrate long distances to lay their eggs on a favored beach.
Turtles have appeared in myths and folktales around the world. Some terrestrial and freshwater species are widely kept as pets. Turtles have been hunted for their meat, for use in traditional medicine, and for their shells. Sea turtles are often killed accidentally as bycatch in fishing nets. Turtle habitats around the world are being destroyed. As a result of these pressures, many species are extinct or threatened with extinction. Provided by Wikipedia
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61by Porco, C. C., Helfenstein, P., Thomas, P. C., Ingersoll, A. P., Wisdom, J., West, R., Neukum, G., Denk, T., Wagner, R., Roatsch, T., Kieffer, S., Turtle, E., McEwen, A., Johnson, T. V., Rathbun, J., Veverka, J., Wilson, D., Perry, J., Spitale, J., Brahic, A., Burns, J. A., DelGenio, A. D., Dones, L., Murray, C. D., Squyres, S.Get access
Published in Science (2006)
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62by Ravi Mehta, Cristiane Nascimento Soares, Raquel Medialdea-Carrera, Mark Ellul, Marcus Tulius Texeira da Silva, Anna Rosala-Hallas, Marcia Rodrigues Jardim, Girvan Burnside, Luciana Pamplona, Maneesh Bhojak, Radhika Manohar, Gabriel Amorelli Medeiros da Silva, Marcus Vinicius Adriano, Patricia Brasil, Rita Maria Ribeiro Nogueira, Carolina Cardoso Dos Santos, Lance Turtle, Patricia Carvalho de Sequeira, David W Brown, Michael J Griffiths, Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis, Tom SolomonGet access
Published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2018)
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63by Porco, C., Baker, E., Barbara, J., Beurle, K., Brahic, A., Burns, J.A., Charnoz, S., Cooper, N., Dawson, D.D., Del Genio, A., Denk, T., Dones, L., Dyudina, U., Evans, M., Fussner, S., Giese, B., Grazier, K., Helfenstein, P., Ingersoll, A., Jacobson, R.A., Johnson, T.V., McEwen, A., Murray, C., Neukum, G., Owen, W.M., Perry, J., Roatsch, T., Spitale, J., Squyres, S., Thomas, P., Tiscareno, M., Turtle, E., Vasavada, A.R., Veverka, J., Wagner, R., West, R.Get access
Published in Nature (2005)
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64by Jon Salmanton-García, Pauline Wipfler, Janina Leckler, Pontus Nauclér, Patrick W. Mallon, Patricia C.J.L. Bruijning-Verhagen, Heinz-Joseph Schmitt, Ullrich Bethe, Ole F. Olesen, Fiona A. Stewart, Kerstin Albus, Oliver A. Cornely, Martin Busch, Ulrike Seifert, Andreas Widmer, Miki Nagao, Jordi Rello, Tatina Todorova, Sabina Cviljević, Christopher H. Heath, Ligita Jančorienė, Thea Koelsen Fischer, Hans Martin Orth, Isik Somuncu Johansen, Mehmet Doymaz, Athanasios Tragiannidis, Thomas Löscher, Jin-Fu Xu, Petr Husa, José Antonio Oteo, Mohammad I. Issack, Markus Zeitlinger, Roger Le Grand, Przemysław Zdziarski, Fatih Demirkan, Paloma Merino Amador, Tomás García-Lozano, Qing Cao, Lourdes Vázquez, Juan Pablo Caeiro, Peter Hermans, Shahroch Nahrwar, Korkut Avsar, Deepak Kumar, Norma Fernández, Masoud Mardani, Esther Segal, Angelo Pan, Despoina Gkentzi, Georgia Gioula, Jorge Alberto Cortés, Joaquim Oliveira, Pierre van Damme, Mohd Zaki Bin Mohd Zaili, Spinello Antinori, Birutė Zablockienė, Georgios Papazisis, Chioma Inyang Aneke, Maricela Valerio, Samuel McConkey, Avinash Aujayeb, Anna Maria Azzini, Jelena Roganović, Kristin Greve-Isdahl Mohn, Peter Kremsner, Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas, Dora Corzo, Nina Khanna, Tomasz Smiatacz, Simone Scheithauer, Maria Merelli, Boris Klempa, Radovan Vrḫovac, Antonio Ruggiero, Pankaj Chaudhary, Julio Maquera-Afaray, Miquel Ekkelenkamp, Pavel Jindra, Nikola Pantić, Gemma Jiménez Guerra, Guenter Weiss, Behrad Roohi, Christos D. Argyropoulos, Sven Aprne Silfverdal, Jens van Praet, Zumrut Sahbudak Bal, Souha Kanj, Barnaby Young, Zoi Dorothea Pana, Emmanuel Roilides, Stephen C. Stearns, Joost Wauters, Jesús Rodríguez Baño, Mathias W. Pletz, Maja Travar, Steven Kühn, Fernando Riera, Daniel Cornely, Vlad Jeni Laura, Philipp Koehler, Brian Eley, Pravin K. Nair, Sandra Ciesek, Ioana Diana Olaru, Laura Marques, Emanuele Pontali, Alexandra Naunheim, Adrian Lieb, Markus Gerhard, Joveria Qais Farooqi, Lance Turtle, Gustavo Adolfo Méndez, Rebecca Jane Cox, Nigel Goodman, Billie Caceca, Javier Pemán, Halima Dawood, Helena Hervius Askling, Anders Fomsgaard, Alejandra Calderón Hernández, Cornelia Staehelin, Chia-Ying Liu, Giancarlo Icardi, Elio Castagnola, Helmut J.F. Salzer, Jens Lundgren, Samir Javadli, Fabio ForghieriGet access
Published in Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease (2024)
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65by Mansfield, Katherine L., Wyneken, Jeanette, Luo, JiangangContributors: “...Florida Sea Turtle License Plate Grants Program...”
Published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (2021)
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66by Morin, Phillip A., McCarthy, Morgan L., Fung, Charissa W., Durban, John W., Parsons, Kim M., Perrin, William F., Taylor, Barbara L., Jefferson, Thomas A., Archer, Frederick I.Contributors: “...the Marine Mammal and Turtle Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA...”
Published in Royal Society Open Science (2024)
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67by Bland, Michael TContributors: “...Turtle, Elizabeth...”
Published 2008
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68by Lawver, Daniel RyanContributors: “...Frankie D. Jackson was a co-author of the article, 'A review of the fossil record of turtle...”
Published 2017
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69by Pham, Christopher K., Rodríguez, Yasmina, Dauphin, Axelle, Carriço, Rita, Frias, João P.G.L., Vandeperre, Frederic, Otero, Vanessa, Santos, Marco R., Martins, Helen R., Bolten, Alan B., Bjorndal, Karen A.Contributors: “...Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research...”
Published in Marine Pollution Bulletin (2017)
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70by Garzon, Francesco, Barrientos, Christian, Anvene, Rigoberto Esono, Mba, Feme Esono, Fallabrino, Alejandro, Formia, Angela, Godley, Brendan J., Gonder, Mary K., Prieto, Carolina Martinez, Ayetebe, Jesus Mba, Metcalfe, Kristian, Montgomery, David, Nsogo, Juan, Nze, Juan-Cruz Ondo, Possardt, Earl, Salazar, Erick Ross, Tiwari, Manjula, Witt, Matthew J.Contributors: “... Turtle Conservation Fund, US Department of the Interior...”
Published in PLOS ONE (2023)
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71by Morin, Phillip A., Baker, Scott C., Brewer, Reid S., Burdin, Alexander M., Dalebout, Merel L., Fedutin, Ivan D., Filatova, Olga A., Hoyt, Erich, Jung, Jean Luc, Lauf, Morgane, Potter, Charles W., Richard, Gaëtan, Ridgway, Michelle, Robertson, Kelly M., Wade, Paul R.Contributors: “...Marine Mammal and Turtle Division (MMTD)...”
Published in Marine Mammal Science (2016)
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72by Morin, Phillip A., Baker, Scott C., Brewer, Reid S., Burdin, Alexander M., Dalebout, Merel L., Fedutin, Ivan D., Filatova, Olga A., Hoyt, Erich, Jung, Jean Luc, Lauf, Morgane, Potter, Charles W., Richard, Gaëtan, Ridgway, Michelle, Robertson, Kelly M., Wade, Paul R.Contributors: “...Marine Mammal and Turtle Division (MMTD)...”
Published in Marine Mammal Science (2016)
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73by Foote, Andrew, D, Alexander, Alana, Ballance, Lisa, T, Constantine, Rochelle, Galletti Vernazzani Muñoz, Bárbara, Guinet, Christophe, Robertson, Kelly, M, Sinding, Mikkel-Holger, S, Sironi, Mariano, Tixier, Paul, Totterdell, John, Towers, Jared, R, Wellard, Rebecca, Pitman, Robert, L, Morin, Phillip, AContributors: “...Marine Mammal and Turtle Division (MMTD)...”
Published in Journal of Heredity (2023)
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74by Foote, Andrew, D, Alexander, Alana, Ballance, Lisa, T, Constantine, Rochelle, Galletti Vernazzani Muñoz, Bárbara, Guinet, Christophe, Robertson, Kelly, M, Sinding, Mikkel-Holger, S, Sironi, Mariano, Tixier, Paul, Totterdell, John, Towers, Jared, R, Wellard, Rebecca, Pitman, Robert, L, Morin, Phillip, AContributors: “...Marine Mammal and Turtle Division (MMTD)...”
Published in Journal of Heredity (2023)
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75by Foote, Andrew, D, Alexander, Alana, Ballance, Lisa, T, Constantine, Rochelle, Galletti Vernazzani Muñoz, Bárbara, Guinet, Christophe, Robertson, Kelly, M, Sinding, Mikkel-Holger, S, Sironi, Mariano, Tixier, Paul, Totterdell, John, Towers, Jared, R, Wellard, Rebecca, Pitman, Robert, L, Morin, Phillip, AContributors: “...Marine Mammal and Turtle Division (MMTD)...”
Published in Journal of Heredity (2023)
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76by MORIN, PHILLIP A., BAKER, SCOTT C., BREWER, REID S., BURDIN, ALEXANDER M., DALEBOUT, MEREL L., FEDUTIN, IVAN D., FILATOVA, OLGA A., HOYT, ERICH, Jung, Jean Luc, LAUF, MORGANE, POTTER, CHARLES W., Richard, Gaëtan, RIDGWAY, MICHELLE, ROBERTSON, KELLY M., Wade, Paul R.Contributors: “...Marine Mammal and Turtle Division (MMTD)...”
Published in Marine Mammal Science (2016)
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77by Morin, Phillip A., Baker, Scott C., Brewer, Reid S., Burdin, Alexander M., Dalebout, Merel L., Fedutin, Ivan D., Filatova, Olga A., Hoyt, Erich, Jung, Jean Luc, Lauf, Morgane, Potter, Charles W., Richard, Gaëtan, Ridgway, Michelle, Robertson, Kelly M., Wade, Paul R.Contributors: “...Marine Mammal and Turtle Division (MMTD)...”
Published in Marine Mammal Science (2016)
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78by Foote, Andrew, Martin, Michael, Louis, Marie, Pacheco, George, Robertson, Kelly, Sinding, Mikkel‐holger, Amaral, Ana, Baird, Robin, Baker, Charles Scott, Ballance, Lisa, Barlow, Jay, Collins, Tim, Constantine, Rochelle, Dabin, Rochelle, Dalla Rosa, Luciano, Davison, Nicholas, Durban, John, Esteban, Ruth, Ferguson, Steven, Gerrodette, Tim, Guinet, Christophe, Hanson, M. Bradley, Hoggard, Wayne, Matthews, Cory, Samarra, Filipa, de Stephanis, Renaud, Tavares, Andrew, Tixier, Paul, Totterdell, John, Wade, Paul, Excoffier, Laurent, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Martin, Jochen, Morin, PhillipContributors: “...Marine Mammal and Turtle Division (MMTD)...”
Published in Molecular Ecology (2019)
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79by Foote, Andrew, Martin, Michael, Louis, Marie, Pacheco, George, Robertson, Kelly, Sinding, Mikkel‐Holger, Amaral, Ana, Baird, Robin, Baker, Charles Scott, Ballance, Lisa, Barlow, Jay, Collins, Tim, Constantine, Rochelle, Dabin, Rochelle, Dalla Rosa, Luciano, Davison, Nicholas, Durban, John, Esteban, Ruth, Ferguson, Steven, Gerrodette, Tim, Guinet, Christophe, Hanson, M. Bradley, Hoggard, Wayne, Matthews, Cory, Samarra, Filipa, De Stephanis, Renaud, Tavares, Andrew, Tixier, Paul, Totterdell, John, Wade, Paul, Excoffier, Laurent, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Martin, Jochen, Morin, PhillipContributors: “...Marine Mammal and Turtle Division (MMTD)...”
Published in Molecular Ecology (2019)
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80by Foote, Andrew, Martin, Michael, Louis, Marie, Pacheco, George, Robertson, Kelly, Sinding, Mikkel‐holger, Amaral, Ana, Baird, Robin, Baker, Charles Scott, Ballance, Lisa, Barlow, Jay, Collins, Tim, Constantine, Rochelle, Dabin, Rochelle, Dalla Rosa, Luciano, Davison, Nicholas, Durban, John, Esteban, Ruth, Ferguson, Steven, Gerrodette, Tim, Guinet, Christophe, Hanson, M. Bradley, Hoggard, Wayne, Matthews, Cory, Samarra, Filipa, de Stephanis, Renaud, Tavares, Andrew, Tixier, Paul, Totterdell, John, Wade, Paul, Excoffier, Laurent, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Martin, Jochen, Morin, PhillipContributors: “...Marine Mammal and Turtle Division (MMTD)...”
Published in Molecular Ecology (2019)
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