Sustainable development
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Sustainable development overlaps with the idea of sustainability which is a normative concept. UNESCO formulated a distinction between the two concepts as follows: "''Sustainability'' is often thought of as a long-term goal (i.e. a more sustainable world), while ''sustainable development'' refers to the many processes and pathways to achieve it." There are some problems with the concept of sustainable development. Some scholars say it is an oxymoron because according to them, development is inherently unsustainable. Other commentators are disappointed in the lack of progress that has been achieved so far. Part of the problem is that ''development'' itself is not consistently defined.
The ''Rio Process'' that began at the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro has placed the concept of sustainable development on the international agenda. In 2015 the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted the Sustainable Development Goals for the year 2030. These development goals address the global challenges, including for example poverty, climate change, biodiversity loss, and peace. Provided by Wikipedia
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241by Tuckett, Peter A., Ely, Jeremy C., Sole, Andrew J., Livingstone, Stephen J., Davison, Benjamin J., Melchior van Wessem, J., Howard, JoshuaContributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in Nature Communications (2019)
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242Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
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243by Bolch, Tobias, Pieczonka, Tino, Mukherjee, Kriti, Shea, JosephContributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in The Cryosphere (2019)
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244by Holzer, N., Vijay, S., Yao, T., Xu, B., Buchroithner, M., Bolch, T.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in The Cryosphere (2019)
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245Unravelling the evolution of Zmuttgletscher and its debris cover since the end of the Little Ice AgeContributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
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246by Shangguan, D. H., Bolch, T., Ding, Y. J., Kröhnert, M., Pieczonka, T., Wetzel, H. U., Liu, S. Y.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in The Cryosphere (2019)
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247by Barandun, Martina, Huss, Matthias, Usubaliev, Ryskul, Azisov, Erlan, Berthier, Etienne, Kääb, Andreas, Bolch, Tobias, Hoelzle, MartinContributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in The Cryosphere (2019)
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248by Tielidze, L. G., Bolch, T., Wheate, R. D., Kutuzov, S. S., Lavrentiev, I. I., Zemp, M.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in The Cryosphere (2020)
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249by Mukherjee, K., Bolch, T., Goerlich, F., Kutuzov, S., Osmonov, A., Pieczonka, T., Shesterova, I.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (2019)
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250by Hansen, Lena U., Piotrowski, Jan A., Benn, Douglas, Sevestre, HeidiContributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in Journal of Glaciology (2020)
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251by Temminghoff, M., Benn, D. I., Gulley, J. D., Sevestre, H.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography (2019)
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252by Davison, Ben, Sole, Andrew, Livingstone, Stephen, Cowton, Tom, Nienow, PeterContributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in Frontiers in Earth Science (2019)
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253by Nienow, P. W., Sole, A. J., Slater, Donald Alexander, Cowton, T. R.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in Current Climate Change Reports (2017)
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254by Kendrick, A. K., Schroeder, D. M., Chu, W., Young, T. J., Christoffersen, P., Todd, J., Doyle, S. H., Box, J. E., Hubbard, A., Hubbard, B., Brennan, P. V., Nicholls, K. W., Lok, L. B.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2018)
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255by Young, T. J., Christoffersen, P., Doyle, S. H., Nicholls, K. W., Stewart, C. L., Hubbard, B., Hubbard, A., Lok, L. B., Brennan, P., Benn, D. I., Luckman, A., Bougamont, M.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface (2019)
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256by Slater, D. A., Nienow, P. W., Cowton, T. R., Goldberg, D. N., Sole, A. J.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2017)
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257Coupled modelling of subglacial hydrology and calving-front melting at Store Glacier, West Greenlandby Cook, Samuel J., Christoffersen, Poul, Todd, Joe, Slater, Donald, Chauché, NolwennContributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in The Cryosphere (2020)
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258by Cowton, Tom, Slater, Donald, Sole, Andrew, Goldberg, Daniel, Nienow, PeterContributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (2017)
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259by Swindles, Graeme T., Watson, Elizabeth J., Savov, Ivan P., Lawson, Ian T., Schmidt, Anja, Hooper, Andrew, Cooper, Claire L., Connor, Charles B., Gloor, Manuel, Carrivick, Jonathan L.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in Geology (2018)
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260by Schild, K. M., Renshaw, C. E., Benn, D. I., Luckman, A., Hawley, R. L., How, P., Trusel, L., Cottier, F. R., Pramanik, A., Hulton, N. R. J.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface (2018)
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