Rock (geology)
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In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. It is categorized by the minerals included, its chemical composition, and the way in which it is formed. Rocks form the Earth's outer solid layer, the crust, and most of its interior, except for the liquid outer core and pockets of magma in the asthenosphere. The study of rocks involves multiple subdisciplines of geology, including petrology and mineralogy. It may be limited to rocks found on Earth, or it may include planetary geology that studies the rocks of other celestial objects.
Rocks are usually grouped into three main groups: igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks are formed when magma cools in the Earth's crust, or lava cools on the ground surface or the seabed. Sedimentary rocks are formed by diagenesis and lithification of sediments, which in turn are formed by the weathering, transport, and deposition of existing rocks. Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are subjected to such high pressures and temperatures that they are transformed without significant melting.
Humanity has made use of rocks since the earliest humans. This early period, called the Stone Age, saw the development of many stone tools. Stone was then used as a major component in the construction of buildings and early infrastructure. Mining developed to extract rocks from the Earth and obtain the minerals within them, including metals. Modern technology has allowed the development of new human-made rocks and rock-like substances, such as concrete. Provided by Wikipedia
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1541
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1542
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1543by Luth, R. W., Stone, Rebecca, Menzies, Andrew, Bussweiler, Yannick, Pearson, Graham, Stachel, Thomas, Kjarsgaard, B. A.Get access
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1544
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1545by Rise, M. L., Bowman, S., Higgins, B., Kozera, C., Stone, C., Kimball, J., Symonds, J., Johnson, S. C.Get access
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1546
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1547by Barcikowska, M.J., Weaver, S.J., Feser, F., Russo, S., Schenk, F., Stone, D.A., Zahn, M.Get access
Published in Earth System Dynamics (2018)
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1548by Feltes, Emma, Fraser, Jocelyn, Low, Maggie, Loewen, Kyle, Stone, Jeremy, Adeyeye, Yemi, Luedke, Alicia, Fessenden, SarahGet access
Published 2017
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1549Species identity and human consumption of beaked whales in the Gilbert Islands, Republic of Kiribatiby Baker, C. S., Hutt, A., Thompson, K., Dalebout, M. L., Robins, J., Brownell, R. L., Stone, G. S.Get access
Published in Animal Conservation (2013)
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1550by Vannas, Antti E., Ying, Gui‐Shuang, Stone, Richard A., Maguire, Maureen G., Jormanainen, Vesa, Tervo, TimoGet access
Published in Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica (2003)
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1551
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1552by Cano, I, Joiner, C, Bayley, A, Rimmer, G, Bateman, K, Feist, S W, Stone, D, Paley, RGet access
Published in Journal of Fish Diseases (2014)
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1553by Siddall, Mark, Hindmarsh, R.C.A., Thompson, W.G., Dutton, A., Kopp, R.E., Stone, Emma JGet access
Published 2013
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1554
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1555by Melissa Orzechowski Xavier, Laura Riffel Bittencourt, Cláudio Moss da Silva, Roseli Stone Vieira, Hugo Cataud Pacheco PereiraGet access
Published in Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (2013)
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1556by Melissa Orzechowski Xavier, Laura Riffel Bittencourt, Cláudio Moss da Silva, Roseli Stone Vieira, Hugo Cataud Pacheco PereiraGet access
Published 2013
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1557by Carol S Devamani, John A J Prakash, Neal Alexander, William Stone, Karthik Gunasekaran, Winsley Rose, Wolf-Peter SchmidtGet access
Published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2021)
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1558by Amanda I Bevans, Daniel M Fitzpatrick, Diana M Stone, Brian P Butler, Maia P Smith, Sonia CheethamGet access
Published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2020)
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1559by Wynne, JW, O'Sullivan, MG, Stone, G, Cook, MT, Nowak, BF, Lovell, DR, Taylor, RS, Elliott, NGGet access
Published in Developmental & Comparative Immunology (2008)
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1560by Cooke, Penelope J., Nelson, Campbell S., Crundwell, Martin P., Field, Brad D., Elkington, E. Shirley, Stone, Harold H.Get access
Published in New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics (2004)
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