Rock (geology)
![The [[Grand Canyon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Marsh_Butte_and_Geikie_Peak%2C_Grand_Canyon.jpg)
In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. It is categorized by the minerals included, its chemical composition, and the way in which it is formed. Rocks form the Earth's outer solid layer, the crust, and most of its interior, except for the liquid outer core and pockets of magma in the asthenosphere. The study of rocks involves multiple subdisciplines of geology, including petrology and mineralogy. It may be limited to rocks found on Earth, or it may include planetary geology that studies the rocks of other celestial objects.
Rocks are usually grouped into three main groups: igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks are formed when magma cools in the Earth's crust, or lava cools on the ground surface or the seabed. Sedimentary rocks are formed by diagenesis and lithification of sediments, which in turn are formed by the weathering, transport, and deposition of existing rocks. Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are subjected to such high pressures and temperatures that they are transformed without significant melting.
Humanity has made use of rocks since the earliest humans. This early period, called the Stone Age, saw the development of many stone tools. Stone was then used as a major component in the construction of buildings and early infrastructure. Mining developed to extract rocks from the Earth and obtain the minerals within them, including metals. Modern technology has allowed the development of new human-made rocks and rock-like substances, such as concrete. Provided by Wikipedia
-
1241
-
1242
-
1243by R. S. Stone, S. Sharma, A. Herber, K. Eleftheriadis, D. W. NelsonGet access
Published in Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene (2014)
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
1244by R. S. Stone, S. Sharma, A. Herber, K. Eleftheriadis, D. W. NelsonGet access
Published in Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene (2014)
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
1245
-
1246by Grytsai, Asen, Klekociuk, Andrew, Milinevsky, Gennadi, Evtushevsky, Oleksandr, Stone, KaneGet access
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2017)
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
1247by Schnieders, Thomas M., Stone, Richard T., Oviatt, Tyler, Danford-Klein, ErikGet access
Published in Augmented Human Research (2017)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
1248
-
1249
-
1250
-
1251by Stone, Robert S., Dutton, Ellsworth G., Harris, Joyce M., Longenecker, DavidGet access
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (2002)
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
1252by Stone, P., Thomson, M.R.A., Rushton, A.W.A.Get access
Published in Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (2012)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
1253by Grytsai, A, Klekociuk, A, Milinevsky, G, Evtushevsky, O, Stone, KGet access
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2017)
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
1254
-
1255
-
1256
-
1257by Daihai He, Shi Zhao, Qianying Lin, Salihu S Musa, Lewi StoneGet access
Published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2020)
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
1258
-
1259
-
1260