Sand
![Sand [[dune](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Libya_4608_Idehan_Ubari_Dunes_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg)
The composition of sand varies, depending on the local rock sources and conditions, but the most common constituent of sand in inland continental settings and non-tropical coastal settings is silica (silicon dioxide, or SiO2), usually in the form of quartz.
Calcium carbonate is the second most common type of sand, for example, aragonite, which has mostly been created, over the past 500million years, by various forms of life, like coral and shellfish. For example, it is the primary form of sand apparent in areas where reefs have dominated the ecosystem for millions of years, as in the Caribbean. Somewhat more rarely, sand may be composed of calcium sulfate, such as gypsum and selenite, as is found in places such as White Sands National Park and Salt Plains National Wildlife Refuge in the U.S.
Sand is a non-renewable resource over human timescales, and sand suitable for making concrete is in high demand. Desert sand, although plentiful, is not suitable for concrete. Fifty billion tons of beach sand and fossil sand are used each year for construction. Provided by Wikipedia
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641by Paquet, Matthieu, Knape, Jonas, Arlt, Debora, Forslund, Pär, Pärt, Tomas, Flagstad, Oystein, Jones, Carl G., Nicoll, Malcolm A. C., Norris, Ken, Pemberton, Josephine M., Sand, Håkan, Svensson, Linn, Tatayah, Vikash, Wabakken, Petter, Wikenros, Camilla, Åkesson, Mikael, Low, MatthewGet access
Published 2021
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642by Paquet, Matthieu, Knape, Jonas, Arlt, Debora, Forslund, Pär, Pärt, Tomas, Flagstad, Øystein, Jones, Carl G., Nicoll, Malcolm A. C., Norris, Ken, Pemberton, Josephine M., Sand, Håkan, Svensson, Linn, Tatayah, Vikash, Wabakken, Petter, Wikenros, Camilla, Åkesson, Mikael, Low, MatthewGet access
Published 2021
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643by Paquet, Matthieu, Knape, Jonas, Arlt, Debora, Forslund, Pär, Pärt, Tomas, Flagstad, Øystein, Jones, Carl G., Nicoll, Malcolm A. C., Norris, Ken, Pemberton, Josephine M., Sand, Håkan, Svensson, Linn, Tatayah, Vikash, Wabakken, Petter, Wikenros, Camilla, Åkesson, Mikael, Low, MatthewGet access
Published in Methods in Ecology and Evolution (2021)
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644by Stjern, CW, Lund, MT, Samset, BH, Myhre, G, Forster, PM, Andrews, T, Boucher, O, Faluvegi, G, Flaeschner, D, Iversen, T, Kasoar, M, Kharin, V, Kirkevag, A, Lamarque, J-F, Olivie, D, Richardson, T, Sand, M, Shawki, D, Shindell, D, Smith, CJ, Takemura, T, Voulgarakis, AGet access
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (2019)
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645by Stjern, CW, Lund, MT, Samset, BH, Myhre, G, Forster, PM, Andrews, T, Boucher, O, Faluvegi, G, Fläschner, D, Iversen, T, Kasoar, M, Kharin, V, Kirkevåg, A, Lamarque, JF, Olivié, D, Richardson, T, Sand, M, Shawki, D, Shindell, D, Smith, CJ, Takemura, T, Voulgarakis, AGet access
Published 2019
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646by Niedziałkowska, Magdalena, Hundertmark, Kris J., Jedrzejewska, Bogumiła, Sidorovich, Vadim E., Zalewska, Hanna, Veeroja, Rauno, Solberg, Erling J., Laaksonen, Sauli, Sand, Håkan, Solovyev, Vyacheslav A., Sagaydak, Andrey, Tiainen, Juha, Juškaitis, Rimvydas, Done, Gundega, Borodulin, Vadim A., Tulandin, Evgenii A., Niedziałkowski, KrzysztofGet access
Published in Biological Journal of the Linnean Society (2016)
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647by Niedziałkowska, Magdalena, Hundertmark, Kris J., Jędrzejewska, Bogumiła, Sidorovich, Vadim E., Zalewska, Hanna, Veeroja, Rauno, Solberg, Erling J., Laaksonen, Sauli, Sand, Håkan, Solovyev, Vyacheslav A., Sagaydak, Andrey, Tiainen, Juha, Juškaitis, Rimvydas, Done, Gundega, Borodulin, Vadim A., Tulandin, Evgenii A., Niedziałkowski, KrzysztofGet access
Published 2015
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648by Niedziałkowska, Magdalena, Hundertmark, Kris J., Jedrzejewska, Bogumiła, Sidorovich, Vadim E., Zalewska, Hanna, Veeroja, Rauno, Solberg, Erling J., Laaksonen, Sauli, Sand, Håkan, Solovyev, Vyacheslav A., Sagaydak, Andrey, Tiainen, Juha, Juškaitis, Rimvydas, Done, Gundega, Borodulin, Vadim A., Tulandin, Evgenii A., Niedziałkowski, KrzysztofGet access
Published in Biological Journal of the Linnean Society (2016)
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649by Niedziałkowska, Magdalena, Hundertmark, Kris J., Jędrzejewska, Bogumiła, Sidorovich, Vadim E., Zalewska, Hanna, Veeroja, Rauno, Solberg, Erling J., Laaksonen, Sauli, Sand, Håkan, Solovyev, Vyacheslav A., Sagaydak, Andrey, Tiainen, Juha, Juškaitis, Rimvydas, Done, Gundega, Borodulin, Vadim A., Tulandin, Evgenii A., Niedziałkowski, KrzysztofGet access
Published 2015
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650by Niedziałkowska, Magdalena, Hundertmark, Kris J., Jędrzejewska, Bogumiła, Sidorovich, Vadim E., Zalewska, Hanna, Veeroja, Rauno, Solberg, Erling J., Laaksonen, Sauli, Sand, Håkan, Solovyev, Vyacheslav A., Sagaydak, Andrey, Tiainen, Juha, Juškaitis, Rimvydas, Done, Gundega, Borodulin, Vadim A., Tulandin, Evgenii A., Niedziałkowski, KrzysztofGet access
Published 2015
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651by Niedziałkowska, Magdalena, Hundertmark, Kris J., Jędrzejewska, Bogumiła, Sidorovich, Vadim E., Zalewska, Hanna, Veeroja, Rauno, Solberg, Erling J., Laaksonen, Sauli, Sand, Håkan, Solovyev, Vyacheslav A., Sagaydak, Andrey, Tiainen, Juha, Juškaitis, Rimvydas, Done, Gundega, Borodulin, Vadim A., Tulandin, Evgenii A., Niedziałkowski, KrzysztofGet access
Published 2015
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652by Niedziałkowska, Magdalena, Hundertmark, Kris J., Jędrzejewska, Bogumiła, Sidorovich, Vadim E., Zalewska, Hanna, Veeroja, Rauno, Solberg, Erling J., Laaksonen, Sauli, Sand, Håkan, Solovyev, Vyacheslav A., Sagaydak, Andrey, Tiainen, Juha, Juškaitis, Rimvydas, Done, Gundega, Borodulin, Vadim A., Tulandin, Evgenii A., Niedziałkowski, KrzysztofGet access
Published 2015
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653by Stjern, C., Lund, M., Samset, B., Myhre, G., Forster, P., Andrews, T., Boucher, O., Faluvegi, G., Fläschner, D., Iversen, T., Kasoar, M., Kharin, V., Kirkevåg, A., Lamarque, J., Olivié, D., Richardson , T., Sand , M., Shawki, D., Shindell, D., Smith, C., Takemura, T., Voulgarakis, A.Get access
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (2019)
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654by Niedziałkowska, Magdalena, Hundertmark, Kris J., Jędrzejewska, Bogumiła, Sidorovich, Vadim E., Zalewska, Hanna, Veeroja, Rauno, Solberg, Erling J., Laaksonen, Sauli, Sand, Håkan, Solovyev, Vyacheslav A., Sagaydak, Andrey, Tiainen, Juha, Juškaitis, Rimvydas, Done, Gundega, Borodulin, Vadim A., Tulandin, Evgenii A., Niedziałkowski, KrzysztofGet access
Published 2015
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655by Quinn, Patricia K., Stohl, Andreas, Arnold, Steve, Baklanov, Alexander, Berntsen, Terje K., Christensen, Jesper Heile, Eckhardt, Sabine, Flanner, Mark, Klimont, Zbigniew, Korsholm, Ulrik Smith, Kupiainen, Kaarle, Langner, Joakim, Law, Kathy, Monks, Sarah, van Salzen, Knut, Sand, Maria, Schmale, Julia, Vestreng, VigdisGet access
Published 2015
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656by Rysgaard, S., Glud, Ronnie, Wenzhöfer, F., Kühl, M., Krause-Jensen, D., Christensen, Borum, Jens, Pedersen, M.F., Hansen, J.W., Sejr, M.K., Petersen, J.K., Sand, M., Kunnerup, O.F., Acquarone, M., Born, E., Griffiths, D., Ehlmé, G., Falk, A.Get access
Published 2001
Book Part -
657by Kuempel, Caitlin D., Frazier, Melanie, Verstaen, Juliette, Rayner, Paul-Eric, Blanchard, Julia L., Cottrell, Richard S., Froehlich, Halley E., Gephart, Jessica A., Jacobsen, Nis Sand, McIntyre, Peter B., Metian, Marc, Moran, Daniel, Nash, Kirsty L., Többen, Johannes, Williams, David R., Halpern, Benjamin S.Get access
Published in Current Biology (2023)
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658by Linnell, John D. C., Tveraa, Torkild (red.), Hansen, Inger, Andrén, Henrik, Persson, Jens, Sand, Håkan, Wikenros, Camilla, Zimmermann, Barbara, Odden, John, Stien, Audun, Ytrehus, Bjørnar, Kleven, Oddmund, Brøseth, Henrik, Kindberg, Jonas, Mattisson, Jenny, Solberg, Erling J., Nilsen, Erlend B., Nygård, Torgeir, Jacobsen, Karl OttoGet access
Published 2015
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659by Rysgaard, S., Glud, R. N., Wenzhöfer, F., Kühl, M., Krause-Jensen, D., Christensen, P. B., Borum, J., Pedersen, M. F., Hansen, Jens Würgler, Sejr, M. K., Petersen, J. K., Sand, M., Kunnerup, O. F., Acquarone, M., Born, E. W., Griffiths, D., Ehlmé, G., Falk, A.Get access
Published 2001
Book Part -
660by Niedziałkowska, Magdalena, Hundertmark, Kris J., Jędrzejewska, Bogumila, Niedziałkowski, Krzysztof, Sidorovič, Vadim Evgenevich, Górny, Marcin, Veeroja, Rauno, Solberg, Erling J., Laaksonen, Sauli, Sand, Håkan, Solovyev, Vyacheslav A., Shkvyria, Maryna, Tiainen, Juha, Okhlopkov, Innokentiy M., Juškaitis, Rimvydas, Done, Gundega, Borodulin, Vadim A., Tulandin, Evgenii A., Jędrzejewski, WłodzimierzGet access
Published in Journal of Biogeography (2014)
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