Qingdao
![Sketch map of Qingdao, circa 1906](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Qingdao-map-1906.jpg)
Administered at the sub-provincial level, Qingdao has jurisdiction over seven districts and three county-level cities (Jiaozhou, Pingdu, Laixi). As of the 2020 census, Qingdao built-up (or metro) area made of the seven urban districts (Shinan, Shibei, Huangdao, Laoshan, Licang, Chengyang and Jimo) was home to 7,172,451 inhabitants, making it the 15th largest city in China by population. Lying across the Shandong Peninsula and looking out to the Yellow Sea, it borders the prefecture-level cities of Yantai to the northeast, Weifang to the west and Rizhao to the southwest.
Qingdao is a major seaport and naval base, as well as a commercial and financial center. It is home to electronics multinationals such as Haier and Hisense. The Jiaozhou Bay Bridge, links the main urban area of Qingdao with Huangdao district, straddling the Jiaozhou Bay sea areas. Its historic German-style architecture and Tsingtao Brewery, the second largest brewery in China, are legacies of the German occupation (1898–1914). Qingdao is classified as a Large-Port Metropolis.
In the 2020 Global Financial Centers Index, Qingdao ranked 47th; the index is published by the Z/Yen Group and China Development Institute, the other Chinese cities on the list being Shanghai, Hong Kong, Beijing, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Nanjing, Xi'an, Tianjin, Hangzhou, Dalian, and Wuhan. In 2007, Qingdao was named as one of China's top ten cities by the Chinese Cities Brand Value Report, which was released at the 2007 Beijing Summit of China Cities Forum.
In 2009, Qingdao was named China's most livable city by the Chinese Institute of City Competitiveness. In 2018, Qingdao held the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit. In 2020, Qingdao was rated as a Gamma+ level global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.
Qingdao is also one of the world's top 50 cities for global scientific research as tracked by the Nature Index. The city was also ranked 20th globally in the "Global Top 100 Science & Technology Cluster Cities" rankings based on "publishing and patent performance" as of 2024. It is home to several notable universities, including the Ocean University of China, China University of Petroleum, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao University of Technology, and Qingdao Agricultural University. Provided by Wikipedia
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1by Zhang, Jingxiao, Li, Qi, Liu, Shikai, Yu, Hong, Kong, LingfengContributors: “...Industrial Development Project of Qingdao City...”
Published in Aquaculture Research (2018)
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2by Xu, Hongqiang, Li, Qi, Kong, Lingfeng, Yu, Hong, Liu, ShikaiContributors: “...Industrial Development Project of Qingdao City...”
Published in Fisheries Science (2019)
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3by Wang, Fei, Liu, Guo-Qiang, Meng, Han-Lin, Guo, Gang, Luo, Sheng-Jun, Guo, Rong-BoContributors: “...Qingdao City...”
Published in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering (2016)
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4by Liu, Fengqiao, Su, Baofeng, Gao, Chengbin, Zhou, Shun, Song, Lin, Tan, Fenghua, Dong, Xiaoyu, Ren, Yichao, Li, ChaoContributors: “...Doctor Science Research Foundation of Qingdao City...”
Published in Fish & Shellfish Immunology (2016)
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5by Zhu, Yijing, Li, Qi, Yu, Hong, Liu, Shikai, Kong, LingfengContributors: “...Industrial Development Project of Qingdao City...”
Published in Marine Biotechnology (2021)
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6by Wang, Fei, Guo, Gang, Luo, Sheng-Jun, Guo, Rong-BoContributors: “...Applied Basic Research Foundation of Qingdao City...”
Published in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering (2016)
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7by Gao, Chengbin, Fu, Qiang, Su, Baofeng, Zhou, Shun, Liu, Fengqiao, Song, Lin, Zhang, Min, Ren, Yichao, Dong, Xiaoyu, Tan, Fenghua, Li, ChaoContributors: “...Doctor Science Research Foundation of Qingdao City...”
Published in Developmental & Comparative Immunology (2016)
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8by Song, Junlin, Li, Qi, Yu, Yong, Wan, Sai, Han, Lichen, Du, ShaojunContributors: “...Industrial Development Project of Qingdao City...”
Published in Marine Biotechnology (2018)
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9Contributors: “...Industrial Development Project of Qingdao City...”
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10by Li, Zhuanzhuan, Li, Qi, Liu, Shikai, Han, Ziqiang, Kong, Lingfeng, Yu, HongContributors: “...Industrial Development Project of Qingdao City...”
Published in Marine Biotechnology (2021)
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