Pope
The pope (, from ) is the bishop of Rome and the visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church. He is also known as the supreme pontiff, or }} Roman pontiff}} or sovereign pontiff. From the eighth century until 1870, the pope was the sovereign or head of state of the Papal States, and since 1929, of the much smaller Vatican City State. The current pope is Francis, who was elected on 13 March 2013.From a Catholic viewpoint, the primacy of the bishop of Rome is largely derived from his role as the apostolic successor to Saint Peter, to whom primacy was conferred by Jesus, who gave Peter the Keys of Heaven and the powers of "binding and loosing", naming him as the "rock" upon which the Church would be built.
While his office is called the papacy, the jurisdiction of the episcopal see is called the Holy See. It is the Holy See that is the sovereign entity under international law headquartered in the distinctively independent Vatican City State, a city-state which forms a geographical enclave within the conurbation of Rome, established by the Lateran Treaty in 1929 between Italy and the Holy See to ensure its and spiritual independence. The Holy See is recognized by its adherence at various levels to international organizations and by means of its diplomatic relations and political accords with many independent states.
According to Catholic tradition, the apostolic see of Rome was founded by Saint Peter and Saint Paul in the first century. The papacy is one of the most enduring institutions in the world and has had a prominent part in human history. In ancient times, the popes helped spread Christianity and intervened to find resolutions in various doctrinal disputes. In the Middle Ages, they played a role of secular importance in Western Europe, often acting as arbitrators between Christian monarchs. In addition to the expansion of Christian faith and doctrine, modern popes are involved in ecumenism and interfaith dialogue, charitable work, and the defence of human rights.
Over time, the papacy accrued broad secular and political influence, eventually rivalling those of territorial rulers. In recent centuries, the temporal authority of the papacy has declined and the office is now largely focused on religious matters. By contrast, papal claims of spiritual authority have been increasingly firmly expressed over time, culminating in 1870 with the proclamation of the dogma of papal infallibility for rare occasions when the pope speaks —literally 'from the chair (of Saint Peter)'—to issue a formal definition of faith or morals. The pope is considered one of the world's most powerful people due to the extensive diplomatic, cultural, and spiritual influence of his position on both 1.3billion Catholics and those outside the Catholic faith, and because he heads the world's largest non-government provider of education and health care, with a vast network of charities. Provided by Wikipedia
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581by Emerson, Joanne B., Roux, Simon, Brum, Jennifer R., Bolduc, Benjamin, Woodcroft, Ben J., Jang, Ho Bin, Singleton, Caitlin M., Solden, Lindsey M., Naas, Adrian E., Boyd, Joel A., Hodgkins, Suzanne B., Wilson, Rachel M., Trubl, Gareth, Li, Changsheng, Frolking, Steve, Pope, Phillip B., Wrighton, Kelly C., Crill, Patrick M., Chanton, Jeffrey P., Saleska, Scott R., Tyson, Gene W., Rich, Virginia I., Sullivan, Matthew B.Get access
Published in Nature Microbiology (2018)
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582by Emerson, Joanne B., Roux, Simon, Brum, Jennifer R., Bolduc, Benjamin, Woodcroft, Ben J., Jang, Ho Bin, Singleton, Caitlin M., Solden, Lindsey M., Naas, Adrian E., Boyd, Joel A., Hodgkins, Suzanne B., Wilson, Rachel M., Trubl, Gareth, Li, Changsheng, Frolking, Steve, Pope, Phillip B., Wrighton, Kelly C., Crill, Patrick M., Chanton, Jeffrey P., Saleska, Scott R., Tyson, Gene W., Rich, Virginia I., Sullivan, Matthew B.Get access
Published in Nature Microbiology (2018)
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583by Emerson, Joanne B., Roux, Simon, Brum, Jennifer R., Bolduc, Benjamin, Woodcroft, Ben J., Jang, Ho Bin, Singleton, Caitlin M., Solden, Lindsey M., Naas, Adrian E., Boyd, Joel A., Hodgkins, Suzanne B., Wilson, Rachel M., Trubl, Gareth, Li, Changsheng, Frolking, Steve, Pope, Phillip B., Wrighton, Kelly C., Crill, Patrick M., Chanton, Jeffrey P., Saleska, Scott R., Tyson, Gene W., Rich, Virginia I., Sullivan, Matthew B.Get access
Published in Nature Microbiology (2018)
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584by Bartsch, Annett, Allard, Michel, Biskaborn, Boris K, Burba, George, Christiansen, Hanne Hvidtfeldt, Duguay, Claude R, Grosse, Guido, Günther, Frank, Heim, Birgit, Högström, Elin, Kääb, Andreas, Keuper, Frida, Lanckman, Jean-Pierre, Lantuit, Hugues, Lauknes, Tom Rune, Leibman, Marina O, Liu, Lin, Morgenstern, Anne, Necsoiu, Marius, Overduin, Pier Paul, Pope, Allen, Sachs, Torsten, Séjourné, Antoine, Streletskiy, Dmitry A, Strozzi, Tazio, Ullmann, Tobias, Ullrich, Matthias S, Vieira, Gonçalo, Widhalm, BarbaraGet access
Published 2014
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585by Emerson, Joanne B., Roux, Simon, Brum, Jennifer R., Bolduc, Benjamin, Woodcroft, Ben J., Jang, Ho Bin, Singleton, Caitlin M., Solden, Lindsey M., Naas, Adrian E., Boyd, Joel A., Hodgkins, Suzanne B., Wilson, Rachel M., Trubl, Gareth, Li, Changsheng, Frolking, Steve, Pope, Phillip B., Wrighton, Kelly C., Crill, Patrick M., Chanton, Jeffrey P., Saleska, Scott R., Tyson, Gene W., Rich, Virginia I., Sullivan, Matthew B.Get access
Published in Nature Microbiology (2023)
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586by Emerson, Joanne B, Roux, Simon, Brum, Jennifer R, Bolduc, Benjamin, Woodcroft, Ben J, Jang, Ho Bin, Singleton, Caitlin M, Solden, Lindsey M, Naas, Adrian E, Boyd, Joel A, Hodgkins, Suzanne B, Wilson, Rachel M, Trubl, Gareth, Li, Changsheng, Frolking, Steve, Pope, Phillip B, Wrighton, Kelly C, Crill, Patrick M, Chanton, Jeffrey P, Saleska, Scott R, Tyson, Gene W, Rich, Virginia I, Sullivan, Matthew BGet access
Published 2018
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587by Bartsch, Annett, Allard, Michel, Biskaborn, Boris K, Burba, George, Christiansen, Hanne Hvidtfeldt, Duguay, Claude R, Grosse, Guido, Günther, Frank, Heim, Birgit, Högström, Elin, Kääb, Andreas, Keuper, Frida, Lanckman, Jean-Pierre, Lantuit, Hugues, Lauknes, Tom Rune, Leibman, Marina O, Liu, Lin, Morgenstern, Anne, Necsoiu, Marius, Overduin, Pier Paul, Pope, Allen, Sachs, Torsten, Séjourné, Antoine, Streletskiy, Dmitry A, Strozzi, Tazio, Ullmann, Tobias, Ullrich, Matthias S, Vieira, Gonçalo, Widhalm, BarbaraGet access
Published 2014
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588by Emerson, Joanne B., Roux, Simon, Brum, Jennifer R., Bolduc, Benjamin, Woodcroft, Ben J., Jang, Ho Bin, Singleton, Caitlin M., Solden, Lindsey M., Naas, Adrian E., Boyd, Joel A., Hodgkins, Suzanne B., Wilson, Rachel M., Trubl, Gareth, Li, Changsheng, Frolking, Steve, Pope, Phillip B., Wrighton, Kelly C., Crill, Patrick M., Chanton, Jeffrey P., Saleska, Scott R., Tyson, Gene W., Rich, Virginia I., Sullivan, Matthew B.Get access
Published in Nature Microbiology (2018)
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589by Bernatsky, S, Boivin, J-F, Joseph, L, Manzi, S, Ginzler, E, Gladman, D D, Urowitz, M, Fortin, P R, Petri, M, Barr, S, Gordon, C, Bae, S-C, Isenberg, D, Zoma, A, Aranow, C, Dooley, M-A, Nived, O, Sturfelt, G, Steinsson, K, Alarcón, G, Senécal, J-L, Zummer, M, Hanly, J, Ensworth, S, Pope, J, Edworthy, S, Rahman, A, Sibley, J, El-Gabalawy, H, McCarthy, T, St Pierre, Y, Clarke, A, Ramsey-Goldman, RGet access
Published in Arthritis & Rheumatism (2007)
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590by Kokelj, S.V., Gingras-Hill, Tristan, Daly, Seamus V, Morse, Peter, Wolfe, Stephen, Rudy, Ashley C.A., van der Sluijs, Jurjen, Weiss, Niels, O'Neill, Brendan, Baltzer, Jennifer, Lantz, Trevor C, Gibson, Carolyn, Cazon, Dieter, Fraser, Robert H., Froese, Duane G, Giff, Garfield, Klengenberg, Charles, Lamoureux, Scott F., Quinton, William, Turetsky, Merritt R, Chiasson, Alexandre, Ferguson, Celtie, Newton, Mike, Pope, Mike, Paul, Jason A, Wilson, Alice, Young, JosephGet access
Published in Arctic Science (2023)
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591by Steven V. Kokelj, Tristan Gingras-Hill, Seamus V. Daly, Peter D. Morse, Stephen A. Wolfe, Ashley C.A. Rudy, Jurjen van der Sluijs, Niels Weiss, H. Brendan O'Neill, Jennifer L. Baltzer, Trevor C. Lantz, Carolyn Gibson, Dieter Cazon, Robert H. Fraser, Duane G. Froese, Garfield Giff, Charles Klengenberg, Scott F. Lamoureux, William L. Quinton, Merritt R. Turetsky, Alexandre Chiasson, Celtie Ferguson, Mike Newton, Mike Pope, Jason A. Paul, M. Alice Wilson, Joseph M. YoungGet access
Published in Arctic Science (2023)
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592by Aksentijevich, I, Masters, SL, Ferguson, PJ, Dancey, P, Frenkel, J, van Royen-Kerkhoff, A, Laxer, R, Tedgard, U, Cowen, EW, Pham, TH, Booty, M, Estes, JD, Sandler, NG, Plass, N, Stone, DL, Turner, ML, Hill, S, Butman, JA, Schneider, R, Babyn, P, El-Shanti, HI, Pope, E, Barron, K, Bing, XY, Laurence, A, Lee, CCR, Chapelle, D, Clarke, GI, Ohson, K, Nicholson, M, Gadina, M, Yang, B, Korman, BD (Benjamin), Gregersen, PK, van Hagen, P.M., Hak, Liesbeth, Huizing, M, Rahman, P, Douek, DC, Remmers, EF, Kastner, DL, Goldbach-Mansky, RGet access
Published in New England Journal of Medicine (2009)
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593by N. Saffold, T. Aramaki, R. Bird, M. Boezio, S. E. Boggs, V. Bonvicini, D. Campana, W. W. Craig, P. von Doetinchem, E. Everson, L. Fabris, H. Fuke, F. Gahbauer, I. Garcia, C. Gerrity, C. J. Hailey, T. Hayashi, C. Kato, A. Kawachi, S. Kobayashi, M. Kozai, A. Lenni, A. Lowell, M. Manghisoni, N. Marcelli, S. I. Mognet, K. Munakata, R. Munini, Y. Nakagami, J. Olson, R. A. Ong, G. Osteria, K. Perez, I. Pope, S. Quinn, V. Re, M. Reed, E. Riceputi, B. Roach, F. Rogers, J. L. Ryan, V. Scotti, Y. Shimizu, M. Sonzogni, R. Sparvoli, A. Stoessl, A. Tiberio, E. Vannuccini, T. Wada, M. Xiao, M. Yamatani, A. Yoshida, T. Yoshida, G. Zampa, J. ZweerinkContributors: “...Pope, I....”
Published in Astroparticle Physics (2021)
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594by Aksentijevich, Ivona, Masters, Seth L., Ferguson, Polly J., Dancey, Paul, Frenkel, Joost, van Royen-Kerkhoff, Annet, Laxer, Ron, Tedgård, Ulf, Cowen, Edward W., Pham, Tuyet-Hang, Booty, Matthew, Estes, Jacob D., Sandler, Netanya G., Plass, Nicole, Stone, Deborah L., Turner, Maria L., Hill, Suvimol, Butman, John A., Schneider, Rayfel, Babyn, Paul, El-Shanti, Hatem I., Pope, Elena, Barron, Karyl, Bing, Xinyu, Laurence, Arian, Lee, Chyi-Chia R., Chapelle, Dawn, Clarke, Gillian I., Ohson, Kamal, Nicholson, Marc, Gadina, Massimo, Yang, Barbara, Korman, Benjamin D., Gregersen, Peter K., van Hagen, P. Martin, Hak, A. Elisabeth, Huizing, Marjan, Rahman, Proton, Douek, Daniel C., Remmers, Elaine F., Kastner, Daniel L., Goldbach-Mansky, RaphaelaGet access
Published 2009
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595by von Hobe, M., Bekki, S., Engel, I., Ern, M., Frey, W., Genco, S., Griessbach, Sabine, Grooß, J.-U., Gulde, T., Günther, G., Hösen, E., Hoffmann, L., Borrmann, S., Homonnai, V., Hoyle, C. R., Isaksen, I. S. A., Jackson, D. R., Jánosi, I. M., Jones, R. L., Kandler, K., Kalicinsky, C., Keil, A., Khaykin, S. M., Cairo, F., Khosrawi, F., Kivi, R., Kuttippurath, J., Laube, J. C., Lefèvre, F., Lehmann, R., Ludmann, S., Luo, B. P., Marchand, M., Meyer, J., D'Amato, F., Mitev, V., Molleker, S., Müller, R., Oelhaf, H., Olschewski, F., Orsolini, Y., Peter, T., Pfeilsticker, K., Piesch, C., Pitts, M. C., Di Donfrancesco, G., Poole, L. R., Pope, F. D., Ravegnani, F., Rex, M.Get access
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2013)
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596by Hobe, M. von, Bekki, S., Borrmann, S., Cairo, F., D'Amato, F., Donfrancesco, G. di, Dörnbrack, A., Ebersoldt, A., Ebert, M., Emde, C., Engel, I., Ern, M., Frey, W., Griessbach, S., Grooß, J. U., Gulde, T., Günther, G., Hösen, E., Hoffmann, L., Homonnai, V., Hoyle, C. R., Isaksen, I. S. A., Jackson, D. R., Janosi, I. M., Kandler, K., Kalicinsky, C., Keil, A., Khaykin, S. M., Khosrawi, F., Kivi, R., Kuttippurath, J., Laube, J. C., Lefevre, F., Lehmann, R., Ludmann, S., Luo, B. P., Marchand, M., Meyer, J., Mitev, V., Molleker, S., Müller, R., Oehlhaf, H., Olschewski, F., Orsolini, Y., Peter, T., Pfeilsticker, K., Piesch, C., Pitts, M. C., Poole, L. R., Pope, F. D.Get access
Published 2013
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597by Von Hobe, M., Bekki, Slimane, Borrmann, S., Cairo, F., D'Amato, F., Di Donfrancesco, G., Dörnbrack, A., Ebersoldt, A., Ebert, M., Emde, Claudia, Engel, I., Ern, M., Frey, W., Griessbach, S., Grooß, J.-U., Gulde, T., Günther, G., Hösen, E., Hoffmann, L., Homonnai, V., Hoyle, C. R., Isaksen, I.S.A., Jackson, D. R., Jánosi, I. M., Kandler, K., Kalicinsky, C., Keil, A., Khaykin, Sergey, Khosrawi, F., Kivi, R., Kuttippurath, Jayanarayanan, Laube, J. C., Lefèvre, Franck, Lehmann, R., Ludmann, S., Luo, B. P., Marchand, Marion, Meyer, J., Mitev, V., Molleker, S., Müller, R., Oelhaf, H., Olschewski, F., Orsolini, Y., Peter, T., Pfeilsticker, K., Piesch, C., Pitts, M. C., Poole, L. R., Pope, F. D.Get access
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2013)
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598by von Hobe, M., Bekki, Slimane, Borrmann, S., Cairo, F., d'Amato, F., Di Donfrancesco, G., Dörnbrack, A., Ebersoldt, A., Ebert, M., Emde, Claudia, Engel, I., Ern, M., Frey, W., Griessbach, S., Grooss, J.-U., Gulde, T., Günther, G., Hösen, E., Hoffmann, L., Homonnai, V., Hoyle, C. R., Isaksen, I.S.A., Jackson, D. R., Jánosi, I. M., Kandler, K., Kalicinsky, C., Keil, A., Khaykin, Sergey, Khosrawi, F., Kivi, R., Kuttippurath, Jayanarayanan, Laube, J. C., Lefèvre, Franck, Lehmann, R., Ludmann, S., Luo, B. P., Marchand, Marion, Meyer, J., Mitev, V., Molleker, S., Müller, R., Oelhaf, H., Olschewski, F., Orsolini, Y., Peter, T., Pfeilsticker, K., Piesch, C., Pitts, M. C., Poole, L. R., Pope, F. D.Get access
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2013)
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599by von Hobe, Marc, Bekki, S., Engel, I., Ern, Manfred, Frey, W., Griessbach, Sabine, Grooß, J.-U., Gulde, T., Günther, G., Hösen, E., Hoffmann, Lars, Homonnai, V., Borrmann, S., Hoyle, C. R., Isaksen, I. S. A., Jackson, D. R., Jánosi, I. M., Kandler, K., Kalicinsky, C., Keil, A., Khaykin, S. M., Khosrawi, F., Kivi, R., Cairo, F., Kuttippurath, J., Laube, J. C., Lefèvre, F., Lehmann, R., Ludmann, S., Luo, B. P., Marchand, M., Meyer, J., Mitev, V., Molleker, S., D'Amato, F., Müller, Rolf, Oelhaf, H., Olschewski, F., Orsolini, Y., Peter, T., Pfeilsticker, K., Piesch, C., Pitts, M. C., Poole, L. R., Pope, F. D., Di Donfrancesco, G., Ravegnani, F., Rex, M., Riese, M., Röckmann, T.Get access
Published 2012
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600by Von Hobe, M., Bekki, S., Borrmann, S., Cairo, F., D'Amato, F., Di Donfrancesco, G., Dörnbrack, A., Ebersoldt, A., Ebert, M., Emde, C., Engel, Ines, Frey, W., Genco, S., Griessbach, S., Grooß, J.-U., Gulde, T., Günther, G., Hösen, E., Hoffmann, L., Homonnai, V., Hoyle, Christopher R., Isaksen, I.S.A., Jackson, D.R., Jánosi, I.M., Jones, R.L., Kalicinsky, C., Keil, A., Khaykin, S.M., Khosrawi, F., Kivi, R., Kuttippurath, J., Laube, J.C., Lefèvre, F., Lehmann, R., Ludmann, S., Luo, Beiping P., Marchand, M., Meyer, J., Mitev, V., Molleker, S., Müller, R., Oelhaf, H., Olschewski, F., Orsolini, Y., Peter, Thomas, Pfeilsticker, K., Piesch, C., Pitts, M.C., Poole, L.R., Pope, F.D.Get access
Published 2013
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