Doctor of Philosophy
A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD or DPhil; or ) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research. The name of the degree is most often abbreviated PhD (or, at times, as Ph.D. in North America), pronounced as three separate letters ( ).The abbreviation DPhil, for "Doctor of Philosophy", is used by the University of Oxford. Additionally, it was formerly used by the University of York and University of Sussex in the United Kingdom.
PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Since it is an earned research degree, those studying for a PhD are required to produce original research that expands the boundaries of knowledge, normally in the form of a dissertation, and, in some cases, defend their work before a panel of other experts in the field. In many fields, the completion of a PhD is typically required for employment as a university professor, researcher, or scientist.
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102by Bartosz Orzel, MSc, Melanie Keats, PhD, Yunsong Cui, MSc, Scott Grandy, PhDGet access
Published in CJC Open (2021)
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104by Dennis Minoru Fujita, PhD, Felipe Scassi Salvador, Luiz Henrique da Silva Nali, PhD, Heitor Franco de Andrade Júnior, PhD MDGet access
Published in Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease (2023)
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105by John L. Oliffe PhD, RN, Joan L. Bottorff PhD, RN, Paul Sharp MSc, Cristina M. Caperchione PhD, Steven T. Johnson PhD, Theresa Healy PhD, Sonia Lamont MBA, Margaret Jones-Bricker MBA (Cand), Kerensa Medhurst MA, Sally Errey BComGet access
Published in American Journal of Men's Health (2017)
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106by Nina C. Lindfors, MD, PhD, Lars Bo Svendsen, MD, John Christian F. Glent, MD, Inge Glambek, MD, PhD, Kristin H. Haraldsdóttir, PhD, Per V. Andersen, MD, Martin Almquist, PhDGet access
Published in Annals of Surgery Open (2022)
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109by Mike Warren BSc (Hons), Toni Leamon, Amanda Hall PhD, MPE, Laurie Twells BA, MSc, Phd, Catherine Street B.Pharm.Hons, Allan Stordy, Kakali Majumdar MSc, MSc Botany, Lorraine Breault PhD, R.Psych, Kirsten Fiest PhD, Jananee Rasiah PhD Candidate, MN, RN, Maria Santana PhD, Holly Etchegary BA, MASP, PhDGet access
Published in Journal of Patient Experience (2020)
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