Oceanography
![6}} undertook the first global marine research expedition in 1872.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Challenger.jpg)
Oceanography ('' ()|ocean||' ()|writing}}), also known as oceanology, sea science, ocean science, and marine science''', is the scientific study of the ocean. It is an Earth science, which covers a wide range of topics, including ecosystem dynamics; ocean currents, waves, and geophysical fluid dynamics; plate tectonics and seabed geology; and fluxes of various chemical substances and physical properties within the ocean and across its boundaries. These diverse topics reflect multiple disciplines that oceanographers utilize to glean further knowledge of the world ocean, including astronomy, biology, chemistry, geography, geology, hydrology, meteorology and physics. Paleoceanography studies the history of the oceans in the geologic past. An oceanographer is a person who studies many matters concerned with oceans, including marine geology, physics, chemistry, and biology. Provided by Wikipedia
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5281by Reverdin, Gilles, Morisset, Simon, Marié, Louis, Bourras, Denis, Sutherland, Graigory, Ward, Brian, Salvador, Joaquin, Font, Jordi, Cuypers, Yannis, Centurioni, Luca R., Hormann, Verena, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, N., Boutin, Jacqueline, d'Ovidio, Francesco, Nencioli, Francesco, Martin, Nicolas, Diverrès, Denis, Alory, Gaël, Lumpkin, RickContributors: “...Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego)...”
Published in Oceanography (2015)
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5282by Reverdin, Gilles, Morisset, Simon, Marié, Louis, Bourras, Denis, Sutherland, Graigory, Ward, Brian, Salvador, Joaquin, Font, Jordi, Cuypers, Yannis, Centurioni, Luca R., Hormann, Verena, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, N., Boutin, Jacqueline, d'Ovidio, Francesco, Nencioli, Francesco, Martin, Nicolas, Diverrès, Denis, Alory, Gaël, Lumpkin, RickContributors: “...Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego)...”
Published in Oceanography (2015)
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5283by Reverdin, Gilles, Morisset, Simon, Marié, Louis, Bourras, Denis, Sutherland, Graigory, Ward, Brian, Salvador, Joaquin, Font, Jordi, Cuypers, Yannis, Centurioni, Luca R., Hormann, Verena, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, N., Boutin, Jacqueline, d'Ovidio, Francesco, Nencioli, Francesco, Martin, Nicolas, Diverrès, Denis, Alory, Gaël, Lumpkin, RickContributors: “...Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego)...”
Published in Oceanography (2015)
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5284by Deshayes, Julie, Tréguier, Anne-Marie, Barnier, Bernard, Lecointre, Albanne, Le Sommer, Julien, Molines, Jean-Marc, Penduff, Thierry, Bourdallé-Badie, Romain, Drillet, Yann, Garric, Gilles, Benshila, Rachid, Madec, Gurvan, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Scheinert, Markus, Coward, Andrew C., Hirschi, Joël J.-M.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2013)
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5285by Deshayes, Julie, Tréguier, Anne-Marie, Barnier, Bernard, Lecointre, Albanne, Le Sommer, Julien, Molines, Jean-Marc, Penduff, Thierry, Bourdallé-Badie, Romain, Drillet, Yann, Garric, Gilles, Benshila, Rachid, Madec, Gurvan, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Scheinert, Markus, Coward, Andrew C., Hirschi, Joël J.-M.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2013)
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5286by Deshayes, Julie, Tréguier, Anne-Marie, Barnier, Bernard, Lecointre, Albanne, Le Sommer, Julien, Molines, Jean-Marc, Penduff, Thierry, Bourdallé-Badie, Romain, Drillet, Yann, Garric, Gilles, Benshila, Rachid, Madec, Gurvan, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Scheinert, Markus, Coward, Andrew C., Hirschi, Joël J.-M.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2013)
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5287by Deshayes, Julie, Tréguier, Anne-Marie, Barnier, Bernard, Lecointre, Albanne, Le Sommer, Julien, Molines, Jean-Marc, Penduff, Thierry, Bourdallé-Badie, Romain, Drillet, Yann, Garric, Gilles, Benshila, Rachid, Madec, Gurvan, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Scheinert, Markus, Coward, Andrew C., Hirschi, Joël J.-M.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2013)
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5288by Deshayes, Julie, Tréguier, Anne-Marie, Barnier, Bernard, Lecointre, Albanne, Le Sommer, Julien, Molines, Jean-Marc, Penduff, Thierry, Bourdallé-Badie, Romain, Drillet, Yann, Garric, Gilles, Benshila, Rachid, Madec, Gurvan, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Scheinert, Markus, Coward, Andrew C., Hirschi, Joël J.-M.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2013)
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5289by Deshayes, Julie, Tréguier, Anne-Marie, Barnier, Bernard, Lecointre, Albanne, Le Sommer, Julien, Molines, Jean-Marc, Penduff, Thierry, Bourdallé-Badie, Romain, Drillet, Yann, Garric, Gilles, Benshila, Rachid, Madec, Gurvan, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Scheinert, Markus, Coward, Andrew C., Hirschi, Joël J.-M.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2013)
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5290by Deshayes, Julie, Tréguier, Anne-Marie, Barnier, Bernard, Lecointre, Albanne, Le Sommer, Julien, Molines, Jean-Marc, Penduff, Thierry, Bourdallé-Badie, Romain, Drillet, Yann, Garric, Gilles, Benshila, Rachid, Madec, Gurvan, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Scheinert, Markus, Coward, Andrew C., Hirschi, Joël J.-M.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2013)
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5291by Deshayes, Julie, Tréguier, Anne-Marie, Barnier, Bernard, Lecointre, Albanne, Le Sommer, Julien, Molines, Jean-Marc, Penduff, Thierry, Bourdallé-Badie, Romain, Drillet, Yann, Garric, Gilles, Benshila, Rachid, Madec, Gurvan, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Scheinert, Markus, Coward, Andrew C., Hirschi, Joël J.-M.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2013)
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5292by Deshayes, Julie, Tréguier, Anne-Marie, Barnier, Bernard, Lecointre, Albanne, Le Sommer, Julien, Molines, Jean-Marc, Penduff, Thierry, Bourdallé-Badie, Romain, Drillet, Yann, Garric, Gilles, Benshila, Rachid, Madec, Gurvan, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Scheinert, Markus, Coward, Andrew C., Hirschi, Joël J.-M.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2013)
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5293by Jones, Julie M., Gille, Sarah T., Goosse, Hugues, Abram, Nerilie J., Canziani, Pablo, Charman, Dan, Clem, Kyle, Crosta, Xavier, de Lavergne, Casimir, Eisenman, Ian, England, Matthew H., Fogt, Ryan, Frankcombe, Leela, Marshall, Gareth, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Morrison, Adele, Orsi, Anaïs, Raphael, Marilyn, Renwick, James, Schneider, David, Simpkins, Graham, Steig, Eric J., Stenni, Barbara, Swingedouw, Didier, Vance, TessaContributors: “...Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego)...”
Published in Nature Climate Change (2016)
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5294by Jones, Julie M., Gille, Sarah T., Goosse, Hugues, Abram, Nerilie J., Canziani, Pablo, Charman, Dan, Clem, Kyle, Crosta, Xavier, de Lavergne, Casimir, Eisenman, Ian, England, Matthew H., Fogt, Ryan, Frankcombe, Leela, Marshall, Gareth, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Morrison, Adele, Orsi, Anaïs, Raphael, Marilyn, Renwick, James, Schneider, David, Simpkins, Graham, Steig, Eric J., Stenni, Barbara, Swingedouw, Didier, Vance, TessaContributors: “...Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego)...”
Published in Nature Climate Change (2016)
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5295by Jones, Julie M., Gille, Sarah T., Goosse, Hugues, Abram, Nerilie J., Canziani, Pablo, Charman, Dan, Clem, Kyle, Crosta, Xavier, de Lavergne, Casimir, Eisenman, Ian, England, Matthew H., Fogt, Ryan, Frankcombe, Leela, Marshall, Gareth, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Morrison, Adele, Orsi, Anaïs, Raphael, Marilyn, Renwick, James, Schneider, David, Simpkins, Graham, Steig, Eric J., Stenni, Barbara, Swingedouw, Didier, Vance, TessaContributors: “...Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego)...”
Published in Nature Climate Change (2016)
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5296by Gehlen, Marion, Séférian, Roland, Jones, D. O. B., Roy, Tilla, Roth, R., Barry, J., Bopp, Laurent, Doney, Scott C., Dunne, John P., Heinze, Christoph, Joos, Fortunat, Orr, James C., Resplandy, Laure, Segschneider, Joachim, Tjiputra, JerryContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2014)
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5297by Gehlen, Marion, Séférian, Roland, Jones, D. O. B., Roy, Tilla, Roth, R., Barry, J., Bopp, Laurent, Doney, Scott C., Dunne, John P., Heinze, Christoph, Joos, Fortunat, Orr, James C., Resplandy, Laure, Segschneider, Joachim, Tjiputra, JerryContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2014)
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5298by Gehlen, Marion, Séférian, Roland, Jones, D. O. B., Roy, Tilla, Roth, R., Barry, J., Bopp, Laurent, Doney, Scott C., Dunne, John P., Heinze, Christoph, Joos, Fortunat, Orr, James C., Resplandy, Laure, Segschneider, Joachim, Tjiputra, JerryContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2014)
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5299by Gehlen, Marion, Séférian, Roland, Jones, D. O. B., Roy, Tilla, Roth, R., Barry, J., Bopp, Laurent, Doney, Scott C., Dunne, John P., Heinze, Christoph, Joos, Fortunat, Orr, James C., Resplandy, Laure, Segschneider, Joachim, Tjiputra, JerryContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2014)
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5300by Gehlen, Marion, Séférian, Roland, Jones, D. O. B., Roy, Tilla, Roth, R., Barry, J., Bopp, Laurent, Doney, Scott C., Dunne, John P., Heinze, Christoph, Joos, Fortunat, Orr, James C., Resplandy, Laure, Segschneider, Joachim, Tjiputra, JerryContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2014)
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