Oceanography
![6}} undertook the first global marine research expedition in 1872.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Challenger.jpg)
Oceanography ('' ()|ocean||' ()|writing}}), also known as oceanology, sea science, ocean science, and marine science''', is the scientific study of the ocean. It is an Earth science, which covers a wide range of topics, including ecosystem dynamics; ocean currents, waves, and geophysical fluid dynamics; plate tectonics and seabed geology; and fluxes of various chemical substances and physical properties within the ocean and across its boundaries. These diverse topics reflect multiple disciplines that oceanographers utilize to glean further knowledge of the world ocean, including astronomy, biology, chemistry, geography, geology, hydrology, meteorology and physics. Paleoceanography studies the history of the oceans in the geologic past. An oceanographer is a person who studies many matters concerned with oceans, including marine geology, physics, chemistry, and biology. Provided by Wikipedia
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4721by Koul, Vimal, Tesdal, Jan-Erik, Bersch, Manfred, Hátún, Hjálmar, Brune, Sebastian, Borchert, Leonard F., Haak, Helmuth, Schrum, Corinna, Baehr, JohannaContributors: “...Institute of Oceanography Hamburg...”
Published in Scientific Reports (2020)
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4722by Koul, Vimal, Tesdal, Jan-Erik, Bersch, Manfred, Hátún, Hjálmar, Brune, Sebastian, Borchert, Leonard F., Haak, Helmuth, Schrum, Corinna, Baehr, JohannaContributors: “...Institute of Oceanography Hamburg...”
Published in Scientific Reports (2020)
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4723by Gastineau, Guillaume, Frankignoul, Claude, Gao, Yongqi, Liang, Yu-Chiao, Kwon, Young-Oh, Cherchi, Annalisa, Ghosh, Rohit, Manzini, Elisa, Matei, Daniela, Mecking, Jennifer, Suo, Lingling, Tian, Tian, Yang, Shuting, Zhang, YingContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre (NOC)...”
Published in The Cryosphere (2023)
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4724by Iudicone, Daniele, Rodgers, Keith B., Stendardo, I., Aumont, Olivier, Madec, Gurvan, Bopp, Laurent, Mangoni, O., Ribera d'Alcala, M.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre (NOC)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2011)
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4725Antarctic Intermediate Water penetration into the Northern Indian Ocean during the last deglaciationby Yu, Zhaojie, Colin, Christophe, Ma, Ruifang, Meynadier, Laure, Wan, Shiming, Wu, Qiong, Kallel, Nejib, Sepulcre, Sophie, Dapoigny, Arnaud, Bassinot, FrankContributors: “...College of Oceanography, Hohai University...”
Published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters (2018)
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4726by Hirschi, Joël J.-M., Frajka-Williams, Eleanor, Blaker, Adam T., Sinha, Bablu, Coward, Andrew C., Hyder, Pat, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Barnier, Bernard, Penduff, Thierry, Garcia, Ixetl, Fransner, Filippa, Madec, GurvanContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre (NOC)...”
Published in Journal of Physical Oceanography (2019)
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4727Antarctic Intermediate Water penetration into the Northern Indian Ocean during the last deglaciationby Yu, Zhaojie, Colin, Christophe, Ma, Ruifang, Meynadier, Laure, Wan, Shiming, Wu, Qiong, Kallel, Nejib, Sepulcre, Sophie, Dapoigny, Arnaud, Bassinot, FrankContributors: “...College of Oceanography, Hohai University...”
Published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters (2018)
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4728by Iudicone, Daniele, Rodgers, Keith B., Stendardo, I., Aumont, Olivier, Madec, Gurvan, Bopp, Laurent, Mangoni, O., Ribera d'Alcala, M.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre (NOC)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2011)
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4729by Hirschi, Joël J.-M., Frajka-Williams, Eleanor, Blaker, Adam T., Sinha, Bablu, Coward, Andrew C., Hyder, Pat, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Barnier, Bernard, Penduff, Thierry, Garcia, Ixetl, Fransner, Filippa, Madec, GurvanContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre (NOC)...”
Published in Journal of Physical Oceanography (2019)
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4730by Hirschi, Joël J.-M., Frajka-Williams, Eleanor, Blaker, Adam T., Sinha, Bablu, Coward, Andrew C., Hyder, Pat, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Barnier, Bernard, Penduff, Thierry, Garcia, Ixetl, Fransner, Filippa, Madec, GurvanContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre (NOC)...”
Published in Journal of Physical Oceanography (2019)
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4731by Hirschi, Joël J.-M., Frajka-Williams, Eleanor, Blaker, Adam T., Sinha, Bablu, Coward, Andrew C., Hyder, Pat, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Barnier, Bernard, Penduff, Thierry, Garcia, Ixetl, Fransner, Filippa, Madec, GurvanContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre (NOC)...”
Published in Journal of Physical Oceanography (2019)
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4732by Iudicone, Daniele, Rodgers, Keith B., Stendardo, I., Aumont, Olivier, Madec, Gurvan, Bopp, Laurent, Mangoni, O., Ribera d'Alcala, M.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre (NOC)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2011)
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4733by Dutay, Jean-Claude, Bullister, John L., Doney, Scott C., Orr, James C., Najjar, Raymond G., Caldeira, K., Campin, J.-M., Drange, Helge, Follows, Michael J., Gao, Y., Gruber, Nicolas, Hecht, M.W, Ishida, Akio, Joos, Fortunat, Lindsay, Keith, Madec, Gurvan, Maier-Reimer, Ernst, Marshall, J.C., Matear, Richard J., Monfray, Patrick, Mouchet, Anne, Plattner, Gian-Kasper, Sarmiento, Jorge L., Schlitzer, Reiner, Slater, Richard D., Totterdell, Ian J., Weirig, Marie-France, Yamanaka, Yasuhiro, Yool, AndrewContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Ocean Modelling (2002)
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4734by Dutay, Jean-Claude, Bullister, John L., Doney, Scott C., Orr, James C., Najjar, Raymond G., Caldeira, K., Campin, J.-M., Drange, Helge, Follows, Michael J., Gao, Y., Gruber, Nicolas, Hecht, M.W, Ishida, Akio, Joos, Fortunat, Lindsay, Keith, Madec, Gurvan, Maier-Reimer, Ernst, Marshall, J.C., Matear, Richard J., Monfray, Patrick, Mouchet, Anne, Plattner, Gian-Kasper, Sarmiento, Jorge L., Schlitzer, Reiner, Slater, Richard D., Totterdell, Ian J., Weirig, Marie-France, Yamanaka, Yasuhiro, Yool, AndrewContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Ocean Modelling (2002)
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4735by Lévy, Marina, Lengaigne, Matthieu, Bopp, Laurent, Vincent, Emmanuel M., Madec, Gurvan, Éthé, Christian, Kumar, D., Sarma, V. V. S. S.Contributors: “...CSIR National Institute of Oceanography India (NIO)...”
Published in Global Biogeochemical Cycles (2012)
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4736by Lévy, Marina, Lengaigne, Matthieu, Bopp, Laurent, Vincent, Emmanuel M., Madec, Gurvan, Éthé, Christian, Kumar, D., Sarma, V. V. S. S.Contributors: “...CSIR National Institute of Oceanography India (NIO)...”
Published in Global Biogeochemical Cycles (2012)
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4737by Lévy, Marina, Lengaigne, Matthieu, Bopp, Laurent, Vincent, Emmanuel M., Madec, Gurvan, Éthé, Christian, Kumar, D., Sarma, V. V. S. S.Contributors: “...CSIR National Institute of Oceanography India (NIO)...”
Published in Global Biogeochemical Cycles (2012)
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4738by Lévy, Marina, Lengaigne, Matthieu, Bopp, Laurent, Vincent, Emmanuel M., Madec, Gurvan, Éthé, Christian, Kumar, D., Sarma, V. V. S. S.Contributors: “...CSIR National Institute of Oceanography India (NIO)...”
Published in Global Biogeochemical Cycles (2012)
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4739by Berger, Manon, Kwiatkowski, Lester, Ho, David T., Bopp, LaurentContributors: “...Department of Oceanography Halifax (DO)...”
Published in Environmental Research Letters (2023)
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4740by Berger, Manon, Kwiatkowski, Lester, Ho, David T., Bopp, LaurentContributors: “...Department of Oceanography Halifax (DO)...”
Published in Environmental Research Letters (2023)
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