Oceanography
![6}} undertook the first global marine research expedition in 1872.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Challenger.jpg)
Oceanography ('' ()|ocean||' ()|writing}}), also known as oceanology, sea science, ocean science, and marine science''', is the scientific study of the ocean. It is an Earth science, which covers a wide range of topics, including ecosystem dynamics; ocean currents, waves, and geophysical fluid dynamics; plate tectonics and seabed geology; and fluxes of various chemical substances and physical properties within the ocean and across its boundaries. These diverse topics reflect multiple disciplines that oceanographers utilize to glean further knowledge of the world ocean, including astronomy, biology, chemistry, geography, geology, hydrology, meteorology and physics. Paleoceanography studies the history of the oceans in the geologic past. An oceanographer is a person who studies many matters concerned with oceans, including marine geology, physics, chemistry, and biology. Provided by Wikipedia
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4221by Holton, L., Deshayes, Julie, Backeberg, B. C., Loveday, B. R., Hermes, J. C., Reason, C. J. C.Contributors: “...Department of Oceanography...”
Published in Climate Dynamics (2017)
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4222by Holton, L., Deshayes, Julie, Backeberg, B. C., Loveday, B. R., Hermes, J. C., Reason, C. J. C.Contributors: “...Department of Oceanography...”
Published in Climate Dynamics (2017)
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4223by Holton, L., Deshayes, Julie, Backeberg, B. C., Loveday, B. R., Hermes, J. C., Reason, C. J. C.Contributors: “...Department of Oceanography...”
Published in Climate Dynamics (2017)
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4224by Holton, L., Deshayes, Julie, Backeberg, B. C., Loveday, B. R., Hermes, J. C., Reason, C. J. C.Contributors: “...Department of Oceanography...”
Published in Climate Dynamics (2017)
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4225by Monteiro, Pedro M. S., Gregor, Luke, Lévy, Marina, Maenner, Stacy, Sabine, Christopher L., Swart, SebastiaanContributors: “...Department of Oceanography Cape Town...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2015)
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4226by Monteiro, Pedro M. S., Gregor, Luke, Lévy, Marina, Maenner, Stacy, Sabine, Christopher L., Swart, SebastiaanContributors: “...Department of Oceanography Cape Town...”
Published 2015
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4227by Monteiro, Pedro M. S., Gregor, Luke, Lévy, Marina, Maenner, Stacy, Sabine, Christopher L., Swart, SebastiaanContributors: “...Department of Oceanography Cape Town...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2015)
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4228by Monteiro, Pedro M. S., Gregor, Luke, Lévy, Marina, Maenner, Stacy, Sabine, Christopher L., Swart, SebastiaanContributors: “...Department of Oceanography Cape Town...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2015)
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4229by Monteiro, Pedro M. S., Gregor, Luke, Lévy, Marina, Maenner, Stacy, Sabine, Christopher L., Swart, SebastiaanContributors: “...Department of Oceanography Cape Town...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2015)
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4230by Monteiro, Pedro M. S., Gregor, Luke, Lévy, Marina, Maenner, Stacy, Sabine, Christopher L., Swart, SebastiaanContributors: “...Department of Oceanography Cape Town...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2015)
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4231by Monteiro, Pedro M. S., Gregor, Luke, Lévy, Marina, Maenner, Stacy, Sabine, Christopher L., Swart, SebastiaanContributors: “...Department of Oceanography Cape Town...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2015)
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4232by Zika, Jan D., Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Meijers, Andrew, Naveira Garabato, Alberto C., Watson, Andrew J., Messias, Marie-José, King, Brian A.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Ocean Science (2020)
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4233by Cole, Theresa, Dutoit, Ludovic, Dussex, Nicolas, Hart, Tom, Alexander, Alana, Younger, Jane, Clucas, Gemma, Frugone, María José, Cherel, Yves, Cuthbert, Richard, Ellenberg, Ursula, Fiddaman, Steven, Hiscock, Johanna, Houston, David, Jouventin, Pierre, Mattern, Thomas, Miller, Gary, L., Miskelly, Colin, Nolan, Paul, Polito, Michael, Quillfeldt, Petra, Ryan, Peter, Y. A., Smith, Adrian, Tennyson, Alan, Thompson, David, Wienecke, Barbara, Vianna, Juliana, Waters, JonathanContributors: “...Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences...”
Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2019)
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4234by Zika, Jan D., Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Meijers, Andrew, Naveira Garabato, Alberto C., Watson, Andrew J., Messias, Marie-José, King, Brian A.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Ocean Science (2020)
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4235by Zika, Jan D., Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Meijers, Andrew, Naveira Garabato, Alberto C., Watson, Andrew J., Messias, Marie-José, King, Brian A.Contributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Ocean Science (2020)
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4236by Cole, Theresa, Dutoit, Ludovic, Dussex, Nicolas, Hart, Tom, Alexander, Alana, Younger, Jane, Clucas, Gemma, Frugone, María José, Cherel, Yves, Cuthbert, Richard, Ellenberg, Ursula, Fiddaman, Steven, Hiscock, Johanna, Houston, David, Jouventin, Pierre, Mattern, Thomas, Miller, Gary, L., Miskelly, Colin, Nolan, Paul, Polito, Michael, Quillfeldt, Petra, Ryan, Peter, Y. A., Smith, Adrian, Tennyson, Alan, Thompson, David, Wienecke, Barbara, Vianna, Juliana, Waters, JonathanContributors: “...Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences...”
Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2019)
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4237by Jones, Daniel C., Boland, Emma, Meijers, Andrew J. S., Forget, Gael, Josey, Simon, Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Shuckburgh, EmilyContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre (NOC)...”
Published in Journal of Physical Oceanography (2020)
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4238by Cole, Theresa, Dutoit, Ludovic, Dussex, Nicolas, Hart, Tom, Alexander, Alana, Younger, Jane, Clucas, Gemma, Frugone, María José, Cherel, Yves, Cuthbert, Richard, Ellenberg, Ursula, Fiddaman, Steven, Hiscock, Johanna, Houston, David, Jouventin, Pierre, Mattern, Thomas, Miller, Gary, L., Miskelly, Colin, Nolan, Paul, Polito, Michael, Quillfeldt, Petra, Ryan, Peter, Y. A., Smith, Adrian, Tennyson, Alan, Thompson, David, Wienecke, Barbara, Vianna, Juliana, Waters, JonathanContributors: “...Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences...”
Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2019)
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4239by Jones, Daniel C., Boland, Emma, Meijers, Andrew J. S., Forget, Gael, Josey, Simon, Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Shuckburgh, EmilyContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre (NOC)...”
Published in Journal of Physical Oceanography (2020)
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4240by Jones, Daniel C., Boland, Emma, Meijers, Andrew J.S., Forget, Gael, Josey, Simon A., Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Shuckburgh, EmilyContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre (NOC)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (2019)
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