Oceanography
![6}} undertook the first global marine research expedition in 1872.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Challenger.jpg)
Oceanography ('' ()|ocean||' ()|writing}}), also known as oceanology, sea science, ocean science, and marine science''', is the scientific study of the ocean. It is an Earth science, which covers a wide range of topics, including ecosystem dynamics; ocean currents, waves, and geophysical fluid dynamics; plate tectonics and seabed geology; and fluxes of various chemical substances and physical properties within the ocean and across its boundaries. These diverse topics reflect multiple disciplines that oceanographers utilize to glean further knowledge of the world ocean, including astronomy, biology, chemistry, geography, geology, hydrology, meteorology and physics. Paleoceanography studies the history of the oceans in the geologic past. An oceanographer is a person who studies many matters concerned with oceans, including marine geology, physics, chemistry, and biology. Provided by Wikipedia
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3721by Petrenko, Vasilii V., Severinghaus, Jeffrey P., Schaefer, Hinrich, Smith, Andrew M., Kuhl, Tanner, Baggenstos, Daniel, Hua, Quan, Brook, Edward J., Rose, Paul, Kulin, Robb, Bauska, Thomas, Harth, Christina, Buizert, Christo, Orsi, Anais, Emanuele, Guy, Lee, James E., Brailsford, Gordon, Keeling, Ralph, Weiss, Ray F.Contributors: “...Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego)...”
Published in Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (2016)
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3722by Hansen, James, Sato, Makiko, Kharecha, Pushker, von Schuckmann, Karina, Beerling, David J., Cao, Junji, Marcott, Shaun, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Prather, Michael J., Rohling, Eelco J., Shakun, Jeremy, Smith, Pete, Lacis, Andrew, Russell, Gary, Ruedy, RetoContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Earth System Dynamics (2017)
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3723by Frank, N., Freiwald, A., Lopez-Correa, M., Eisele, F., Hebbeln, D., Wienberg, C., van Rooij, D., Henriet, J.P., Colin, Christophe, van Weering, T., C. E., de Haas, H., Bulh-Mortensen, P., Roberts, M., de Mol, B., Douville, E., Blamart, D., Hatté, ChristineContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre (NOC)...”
Published 2010
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3724by Frank, N., Freiwald, A., Lopez-Correa, M., Eisele, F., Hebbeln, D., Wienberg, C., van Rooij, D., Henriet, J.P., Colin, Christophe, van Weering, T., C. E., de Haas, H., Bulh-Mortensen, P., Roberts, M., de Mol, B., Douville, E., Blamart, D., Hatté, ChristineContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre (NOC)...”
Published 2010
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3725by Burckel, Pierre, Waelbroeck, Claire, Luo, Yiming, Roche, Didier M., Pichat, Sylvain, Jaccard, Samuel L., Gherardi, Jeanne, Govin, Aline, Lippold, Jörg, Thil, FrançoisContributors: “...Department of Oceanography Halifax (DO)...”
Published in Climate of the Past (2016)
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3726by Petrenko, Vasilii V., Severinghaus, Jeffrey P., Schaefer, Hinrich, Smith, Andrew M., Kuhl, Tanner, Baggenstos, Daniel, Hua, Quan, Brook, Edward J., Rose, Paul, Kulin, Robb, Bauska, Thomas, Harth, Christina, Buizert, Christo, Orsi, Anais, Emanuele, Guy, Lee, James E., Brailsford, Gordon, Keeling, Ralph, Weiss, Ray F.Contributors: “...Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego)...”
Published in Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (2016)
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3727by Burckel, Pierre, Waelbroeck, Claire, Luo, Yiming, Roche, Didier M., Pichat, Sylvain, Jaccard, Samuel L., Gherardi, Jeanne, Govin, Aline, Lippold, Jörg, Thil, FrançoisContributors: “...Department of Oceanography Halifax (DO)...”
Published in Climate of the Past (2016)
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3728by Burckel, Pierre, Waelbroeck, Claire, Luo, Yiming, Roche, Didier M., Pichat, Sylvain, Jaccard, Samuel L., Gherardi, Jeanne, Govin, Aline, Lippold, Jörg, Thil, FrançoisContributors: “...Department of Oceanography Halifax (DO)...”
Published in Climate of the Past (2016)
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3729by Reverdin, Gilles, Waelbroeck, Claire, Pierre, Catherine, Akhoudas, Camille, Aloisi, Giovanni, Benetti, Marion, Bourlès, Bernard, Danielsen, Magnus, Demange, Jérôme, Diverrès, Denis, Gascard, Jean-Claude, Houssais, Marie-Noëlle, Le Goff, Hervé, Lherminier, Pascale, Lo Monaco, Claire, Mercier, Herlé, Metzl, Nicolas, Morisset, Simon, Naamar, Aïcha, Reynaud, Thierry, Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Thierry, Virginie, Hartman, Susan E., Mawji, Edward W., Olafsdottir, Solveig, Kanzow, Torsten, Velo, Anton, Voelker, Antje, Yashayaev, Igor, Haumann, F. Alexander, Leng, Melanie J., Arrowsmith, Carol, Meredith, MichaelContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Earth System Science Data (2022)
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3730by Rodgers, Keith B., Aumont, Olivier, Mikaloff Fletcher, S. E., Plancherel, Yves, Bopp, Laurent, de Boyer Montégut, Clément, Iudicone, Daniele, Keeling, Ralph F., Madec, Gurvan, Wanninkhof, Rik H.Contributors: “...Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2014)
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3731by Rodgers, Keith B., Aumont, Olivier, Mikaloff Fletcher, S. E., Plancherel, Yves, Bopp, Laurent, de Boyer Montégut, Clément, Iudicone, Daniele, Keeling, Ralph F., Madec, Gurvan, Wanninkhof, Rik H.Contributors: “...Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2014)
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3732by Miller, Lisa A., Fripiat, François, Else, Brent G.T., Bowman, Jeff S., Brown, Kristina A., Collins, R. Eric, Ewert, Marcela, Fransson, Agneta, Gosselin, Michel, Lannuzel, Delphine, Meiners, Klaus M., Michel, Christine, Nishioka, Jun, Nomura, Daiki, Papadimitriou, Stathys, Russell, Lynn M., Sørensen, Lise Lotte, Thomas, David N., Tison, Jean-Louis, Van Leeuwe, Maria A., Vancoppenolle, Martin, Wolff, Eric W., Zhou, JiayunContributors: “...School of Oceanography Seattle...”
Published in Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene (2015)
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3733by Reverdin, Gilles, Waelbroeck, Claire, Pierre, Catherine, Akhoudas, Camille, Aloisi, Giovanni, Benetti, Marion, Bourlès, Bernard, Danielsen, Magnus, Demange, Jérôme, Diverrès, Denis, Gascard, Jean-Claude, Houssais, Marie-Noëlle, Le Goff, Hervé, Lherminier, Pascale, Lo Monaco, Claire, Mercier, Herlé, Metzl, Nicolas, Morisset, Simon, Naamar, Aïcha, Reynaud, Thierry, Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Thierry, Virginie, Hartman, Susan E., Mawji, Edward W., Olafsdottir, Solveig, Kanzow, Torsten, Velo, Anton, Voelker, Antje, Yashayaev, Igor, Haumann, F. Alexander, Leng, Melanie J., Arrowsmith, Carol, Meredith, MichaelContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Earth System Science Data (2022)
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3734by Reverdin, Gilles, Waelbroeck, Claire, Pierre, Catherine, Akhoudas, Camille, Aloisi, Giovanni, Benetti, Marion, Bourlès, Bernard, Danielsen, Magnus, Demange, Jérôme, Diverrès, Denis, Gascard, Jean-Claude, Houssais, Marie-Noëlle, Le Goff, Hervé, Lherminier, Pascale, Lo Monaco, Claire, Mercier, Herlé, Metzl, Nicolas, Morisset, Simon, Naamar, Aïcha, Reynaud, Thierry, Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Thierry, Virginie, Hartman, Susan E., Mawji, Edward W., Olafsdottir, Solveig, Kanzow, Torsten, Velo, Anton, Voelker, Antje, Yashayaev, Igor, Haumann, F. Alexander, Leng, Melanie J., Arrowsmith, Carol, Meredith, MichaelContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Earth System Science Data (2022)
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3735by Reverdin, Gilles, Waelbroeck, Claire, Pierre, Catherine, Akhoudas, Camille, Aloisi, Giovanni, Benetti, Marion, Bourlès, Bernard, Danielsen, Magnus, Demange, Jérôme, Diverrès, Denis, Gascard, Jean-Claude, Houssais, Marie-Noëlle, Le Goff, Hervé, Lherminier, Pascale, Lo Monaco, Claire, Mercier, Herlé, Metzl, Nicolas, Morisset, Simon, Naamar, Aïcha, Reynaud, Thierry, Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Thierry, Virginie, Hartman, Susan E., Mawji, Edward W., Olafsdottir, Solveig, Kanzow, Torsten, Velo, Anton, Voelker, Antje, Yashayaev, Igor, Haumann, F. Alexander, Leng, Melanie J., Arrowsmith, Carol, Meredith, MichaelContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Earth System Science Data (2022)
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3736by Reverdin, Gilles, Waelbroeck, Claire, Pierre, Catherine, Akhoudas, Camille, Aloisi, Giovanni, Benetti, Marion, Bourlès, Bernard, Danielsen, Magnus, Demange, Jérôme, Diverrès, Denis, Gascard, Jean-Claude, Houssais, Marie-Noëlle, Le Goff, Hervé, Lherminier, Pascale, Lo Monaco, Claire, Mercier, Herlé, Metzl, Nicolas, Morisset, Simon, Naamar, Aïcha, Reynaud, Thierry, Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Thierry, Virginie, Hartman, Susan E., Mawji, Edward W., Olafsdottir, Solveig, Kanzow, Torsten, Velo, Anton, Voelker, Antje, Yashayaev, Igor, Haumann, F. Alexander, Leng, Melanie J., Arrowsmith, Carol, Meredith, MichaelContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Earth System Science Data (2022)
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3737by Rodgers, Keith B., Aumont, Olivier, Mikaloff Fletcher, S. E., Plancherel, Yves, Bopp, Laurent, de Boyer Montégut, Clément, Iudicone, Daniele, Keeling, Ralph F., Madec, Gurvan, Wanninkhof, Rik H.Contributors: “...Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2014)
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3738by Reverdin, Gilles, Waelbroeck, Claire, Pierre, Catherine, Akhoudas, Camille, Aloisi, Giovanni, Benetti, Marion, Bourlès, Bernard, Danielsen, Magnus, Demange, Jérôme, Diverrès, Denis, Gascard, Jean-Claude, Houssais, Marie-Noëlle, Le Goff, Hervé, Lherminier, Pascale, Lo Monaco, Claire, Mercier, Herlé, Metzl, Nicolas, Morisset, Simon, Naamar, Aïcha, Reynaud, Thierry, Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Thierry, Virginie, Hartman, Susan E., Mawji, Edward W., Olafsdottir, Solveig, Kanzow, Torsten, Velo, Anton, Voelker, Antje, Yashayaev, Igor, Haumann, F. Alexander, Leng, Melanie J., Arrowsmith, Carol, Meredith, MichaelContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Earth System Science Data (2022)
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3739by Reverdin, Gilles, Waelbroeck, Claire, Pierre, Catherine, Akhoudas, Camille, Aloisi, Giovanni, Benetti, Marion, Bourlès, Bernard, Danielsen, Magnus, Demange, Jérôme, Diverrès, Denis, Gascard, Jean-Claude, Houssais, Marie-Noëlle, Le Goff, Hervé, Lherminier, Pascale, Lo Monaco, Claire, Mercier, Herlé, Metzl, Nicolas, Morisset, Simon, Naamar, Aïcha, Reynaud, Thierry, Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Thierry, Virginie, Hartman, Susan E., Mawji, Edward W., Olafsdottir, Solveig, Kanzow, Torsten, Velo, Anton, Voelker, Antje, Yashayaev, Igor, Haumann, F. Alexander, Leng, Melanie J., Arrowsmith, Carol, Meredith, MichaelContributors: “...National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC)...”
Published in Earth System Science Data (2022)
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3740by Miller, Lisa A., Fripiat, François, Else, Brent G.T., Bowman, Jeff S., Brown, Kristina A., Collins, R. Eric, Ewert, Marcela, Fransson, Agneta, Gosselin, Michel, Lannuzel, Delphine, Meiners, Klaus M., Michel, Christine, Nishioka, Jun, Nomura, Daiki, Papadimitriou, Stathys, Russell, Lynn M., Sørensen, Lise Lotte, Thomas, David N., Tison, Jean-Louis, van Leeuwe, Maria A., Vancoppenolle, Martin, Wolff, Eric W., Zhou, JiayunContributors: “...School of Oceanography Seattle...”
Published in Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene (2015)
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