New Zealand
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The islands of New Zealand were the last large habitable land to be settled by humans. Between about 1280 and 1350, Polynesians began to settle in the islands and then subsequently developed a distinctive Māori culture. In 1642, the Dutch explorer Abel Tasman became the first European to sight and record New Zealand. In 1769 the British explorer Captain James Cook became the first European to set foot on and map New Zealand. In 1840, representatives of the United Kingdom and Māori chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi which paved the way for Britain's declaration of sovereignty later that year and the establishment of the Crown Colony of New Zealand in 1841. Subsequently, a series of conflicts between the colonial government and Māori tribes resulted in the alienation and confiscation of large amounts of Māori land. New Zealand became a dominion in 1907; it gained full statutory independence in 1947, retaining the monarch as head of state. Today, the majority of New Zealand's population of 5.25 million is of European descent; the indigenous Māori are the largest minority, followed by Asians and Pasifika. Reflecting this, New Zealand's culture is mainly derived from Māori and early British settlers, with recent broadening of culture arising from increased immigration. The official languages are English, Māori, and New Zealand Sign Language, with the local dialect of English being dominant.
A developed country, it was the first to introduce a minimum wage, and the first to give women the right to vote. It ranks very highly in international measures of quality of life, human rights, and it has one of the lowest levels of perceived corruption in the world. It retains visible levels of inequality, having structural disparities between its Māori and European populations. New Zealand underwent major economic changes during the 1980s, which transformed it from a protectionist to a liberalised free-trade economy. The service sector dominates the national economy, followed by the industrial sector, and agriculture; international tourism is also a significant source of revenue. New Zealand is a member of the United Nations, Commonwealth of Nations, ANZUS, UKUSA, OECD, ASEAN Plus Six, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, the Pacific Community and the Pacific Islands Forum. It enjoys particularly close relations with the United States and is one of its major non-NATO allies; the United Kingdom; Samoa, Fiji, and Tonga; and with Australia, with a shared "Trans-Tasman" identity between the two countries stemming from centuries of British colonisation.
Nationally, legislative authority is vested in an elected, unicameral Parliament, while executive political power is exercised by the Government, led by the prime minister, currently Christopher Luxon. Charles III is the country's king and is represented by the governor-general, Cindy Kiro. In addition, New Zealand is organised into 11 regional councils and 67 territorial authorities for local government purposes. The Realm of New Zealand also includes Tokelau (a dependent territory); the Cook Islands and Niue (self-governing states in free association with New Zealand); and the Ross Dependency, which is New Zealand's territorial claim in Antarctica. Provided by Wikipedia
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61by Law, Cliff S., Bell, James J., Bostock, Helen C., Cornwall, Chris E., Cummings, Vonda J., Currie, Kim, Davy, Simon K., Gammon, Malindi, Hepburn, Christopher D., Hurd, Catriona L., Lamare, Miles, Mikaloff-Fletcher, Sara E., Nelson, Wendy A., Parsons, Darren M., Ragg, Norman L. C., Sewell, Mary A., Smith, Abigail M., Tracey, Dianne M.Contributors: “...Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden Fund...”
Published in New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research (2017)
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62by Heap, Michael J., Kennedy, Ben M., Pernin, Noémie, Jacquemard, Laura, Baud, Patrick, Farquharson, Jamie I., Scheu, Bettina, Lavallée, Yan, Gilg, H. Albert, Letham-Brake, Mark, Mayer, Klaus, Jolly, Arthur D., Reuschlé, Thierry, Dingwell, Donald B.Contributors: “...New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment...”
Published in Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (2015)
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63by Chewings, Jane M., Atkins, Cliff B., Dunbar, Gavin B., Golledge, Nicholas R.Contributors: “...New Zealand Ministry for Science and Innovation...”
Published in Sedimentology (2014)
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64by Kohout, A.L., Williams, M.J.M., Toyota, T., Lieser, J., Hutchings, J.Contributors: “...New Zealand Foundation of Research Science and Technology Postdoctoral Award...”
Published in Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography (2016)
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65by Powell, Tyler, Sumner, Dawn Y., Jungblut, Anne D., Hawes, Ian, Mackey, Tyler, Grettenberger, ChristenContributors: “...New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science, and Technology...”
Published in Microbiology Resource Announcements (2024)
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66by Armbrecht, Linda H., Lowe, Vikki, Escutia, Carlota, Iwai, Masao, McKay, Robert, Armand, Leanne K.Contributors: “...Australia-New Zealand IODP Consortium...”
Published in Marine Micropaleontology (2018)
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67by Heap, Michael J., Kennedy, Ben M., Farquharson, Jamie I., Ashworth, James, Mayer, Klaus, Letham-Brake, Mark, Reuschlé, Thierry, Gilg, H. Albert, Scheu, Bettina, Lavallée, Yan, Siratovich, Paul, Cole, Jim, Jolly, Arthur D., Baud, Patrick, Dingwell, Donald B.Contributors: “...New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE)...”
Published in Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (2017)
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68by Lowry, Daniel P., Golledge, Nicholas R., Bertler, Nancy A. N., Jones, R. Selwyn, McKay, RobertContributors: “...Antarctica New Zealand...”
Published in Science Advances (2019)
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69by Constaratas, Alexandra N., McDonald, Mark A., Goetz, Kimberly T., Giorli, GiacomoContributors: “...OMV New Zealand Ltd...”
Published in PLOS ONE (2021)
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70by Lowry, Daniel P., Golledge, Nicholas R., Bertler, Nancy A.N., Jones, R. Selwyn, McKay, Robert, Stutz, JameyContributors: “...New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment...”
Published in Quaternary Science Advances (2020)
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71by Bertram, Rachel A., Wilson, David J., van de Flierdt, Tina, McKay, Robert M., Patterson, Molly O., Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco J., Escutia, Carlota, Duke, Grace C., Taylor-Silva, Briar I., Riesselman, Christina R.Contributors: “...Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden FastStart...”
Published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters (2018)
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72by Jossart, Quentin, Kochzius, Marc, Danis, Bruno, Saucède, Thomas, Moreau, Camille V EContributors: “...New Zealand Foundation for Research Science and Technology...”
Published in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (2020)
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73by Torres, Leigh G., Barlow, Dawn R., Chandler, Todd E., Burnett, Jonathan D.Contributors: “...The New Zealand Department of Conservation...”
Published in PeerJ (2020)
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74Speciation in the deep: genomics and morphology reveal a new species of beaked whale Mesoplodon eueuby Carroll, Emma L., McGowen, Michael R., McCarthy, Morgan L., Marx, Felix G., Aguilar, Natacha, Dalebout, Merel L., Dreyer, Sascha, Gaggiotti, Oscar E., Hansen, Sabine S., van Helden, Anton, Onoufriou, Aubrie B., Baird, Robin W., Baker, C. Scott, Berrow, Simon, Cholewiak, Danielle, Claridge, Diane, Constantine, Rochelle, Davison, Nicholas J., Eira, Catarina, Fordyce, R. Ewan, Gatesy, John, Hofmeyr, G. J. Greg, Martín, Vidal, Mead, James G., Mignucci-Giannoni, Antonio A., Morin, Phillip A., Reyes, Cristel, Rogan, Emer, Rosso, Massimiliano, Silva, Mónica A., Springer, Mark S., Steel, Debbie, Olsen, Morten TangeContributors: “...Department of Conservation Te Papa Atawhai, Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa...”
Published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (2021)
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75by Ohneiser, Christian, Yoo, Kyu-Cheul, Albot, Olga Borisovna, Cortese, Giuseppe, Riesselman, Christina, Lee, Jae Il, McKay, Rob, Bollen, Michael, Lee, Min Kyung, Moon, Heung Soo, Kim, Sunghan, Beltran, Catherine, Levy, Richard, Wilson, Gary S.Contributors: “...New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment...”
Published in Global and Planetary Change (2019)
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76by Hamling, Ian J., Kilgour, GeoffContributors: “...New Zealand Government...”
Published in Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (2021)
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77Contributors: “...Antarctica New Zealand...”
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78Contributors: “...Antarctica New Zealand...”
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79by Forrest, Alexander L., Lund-Hansen, Lars C., Sorrell, Brian K., Bowden-Floyd, Isak, Lucieer, Vanessa, Cossu, Remo, Lange, Benjamin A., Hawes, IanContributors: “...Antarctica New Zealand...”
Published in Frontiers in Earth Science (2019)
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80by Cummings, Vonda J., Bowden, David A., Pinkerton, Matthew H., Halliday, N. Jane, Hewitt, Judi E.Contributors: “...New Zealand Government...”
Published in Frontiers in Marine Science (2021)
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