Muhammad Shah
![Emperor Muhammad Shah holding an emerald and a mouthpiece of a [[hookah|huqqa]], by Nidha Mal, {{circa|1730}}](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Nidha_Mal_Jharokha_portrait_of_Muhammad_Shah_holding_an_emerald_and_the_mouthpiece_of_a_huqqa_ca._1730_The_San_Diego_Museum_of_Art.jpg)
He later got rid of them with the help of Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I – Syed Hussain Ali Khan was murdered at Fatehpur Sikri in 1720 and Sayyid Hassan Ali Khan Barha was captured in battle in 1720 and fatally poisoned in 1722. Muhammad Shah was a great patron of the arts, including musical, cultural and administrative developments. His pen-name was "Sadrang" and he is also sometimes referred to as "Bahadur Shah Rangila" after his grand father Bahadur Shah I.
Muhammad Shah's reign was marked by rapid and irreversible decline of the Mughal Empire that was exacerbated by Nader Shah's invasion of India and the sacking of Delhi in 1739. The course of events not only shocked and mortified the Mughals themselves, but also other foreigners, including the British. Provided by Wikipedia
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