Marie Curie
Maria Salomea Skłodowska-Curie (; ; 7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934), known simply as Marie Curie ( , ), was a Polish and naturalised-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the first person to win a Nobel Prize twice, and the only person to win a Nobel Prize in two scientific fields. Her husband, Pierre Curie, was a co-winner of her first Nobel Prize, making them the first married couple to win the Nobel Prize and launching the Curie family legacy of five Nobel Prizes. She was, in 1906, the first woman to become a professor at the University of Paris.She was born in Warsaw, in what was then the Kingdom of Poland, part of the Russian Empire. She studied at Warsaw's clandestine Flying University and began her practical scientific training in Warsaw. In 1891, aged 24, she followed her elder sister Bronisława to study in Paris, where she earned her higher degrees and conducted her subsequent scientific work. In 1895, she married the French physicist Pierre Curie, and she shared the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with him and with the physicist Henri Becquerel for their pioneering work developing the theory of "radioactivity"—a term she coined. In 1906, Pierre Curie died in a Paris street accident. Marie won the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her discovery of the elements polonium and radium, using techniques she invented for isolating radioactive isotopes. Under her direction, the world's first studies were conducted into the treatment of neoplasms by the use of radioactive isotopes. She founded the Curie Institute in Paris in 1920, and the Curie Institute in Warsaw in 1932; both remain major medical research centres. During World War I, she developed mobile radiography units to provide X-ray services to field hospitals.
While a French citizen, Marie Skłodowska Curie, who used both surnames, never lost her sense of Polish identity. She taught her daughters the Polish language and took them on visits to Poland. She named the first chemical element she discovered ''polonium'', after her native country. Marie Curie died in 1934, aged 66, at the sanatorium in Passy (), France, of aplastic anemia likely from exposure to radiation in the course of her scientific research and in the course of her radiological work at field hospitals during World War I. In addition to her Nobel Prizes, she received numerous other honours and tributes; in 1995 she became the first woman to be entombed on her own merits in the Paris , and Poland declared 2011 the Year of Marie Curie during the International Year of Chemistry. She is the subject of numerous biographical works. Provided by Wikipedia
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501by T. Tipper, Edward, Calmels, Damien, Gaillardet, Jérôme, Louvat, Pascale, Capmas, Françoise, Dubacq, BenoîtContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU...”
Published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters (2012)
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502by Maier, Cornelia, Popp, Pauline, Sollfrank, Nicole, Weinbauer, Markus G., Wild, Christian, Gattuso, Jean-PierreContributors: “... (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)...”
Published in Journal of Experimental Biology (2016)
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503by Maier, Cornelia, Popp, Pauline, Sollfrank, Nicole, Weinbauer, Markus, Wild, Christian, Gattuso, Jean-PierreContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU...”
Published in Journal of Experimental Biology (2016)
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504by Maier, Cornelia, Popp, Pauline, Sollfrank, Nicole, Weinbauer, Markus, Wild, Christian, Gattuso, Jean-PierreContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU...”
Published in Journal of Experimental Biology (2016)
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505by Maier, Cornelia, Popp, Pauline, Sollfrank, Nicole, Weinbauer, Markus, G, Wild, Christian, Gattuso, Jean-PierreContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU...”
Published in Journal of Experimental Biology (2016)
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506by Maier, Cornelia, Popp, Pauline, Sollfrank, Nicole, Weinbauer, Markus, G, Wild, Christian, Gattuso, Jean-PierreContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU...”
Published in Journal of Experimental Biology (2016)
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507by Pittera, Justine, Humily, Florian, Thorel, Maxine, Grulois, Daphné, Garczarek, Laurence, Six, ChristopheContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique...”
Published in The ISME Journal (2014)
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508by Morard, Raphaël, Lejzerowicz, Franck, Darling, Kate F., Lecroq-Bennet, Béatrice, Winther Pedersen, Mikkel, Orlando, Ludovic, Pawlowski, Jan, Mulitza, Stefan, de Vargas, Colomban, Kucera, MichalContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2017)
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509by Moya, A., Huisman, L., Foret, S., Gattuso, J. -P., Hayward, D. C., Ball, E. E., Miller, D. J.Contributors: “...Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie...”
Published in Molecular Ecology (2015)
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510by Salt, Lesley A., Heuven, S. M. A. C., Claus, M. E., Jones, E. M., Baar, H. J. W.Contributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2015)
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511by Percopo, Isabella, Ruggiero, Maria Valeria, Balzano, Sergio, Gourvil, Priscillia, Lundholm, Nina, Siano, Raffaele, Tammilehto, Anna, Vaulot, Daniel, Sarno, DianaContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique...”
Published 2016
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512by Eichinger, Irmgard, Hourdez, Stéphane, Bright, MonikaContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique...”
Published in Organisms Diversity & Evolution (2013)
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513by Moya, A., Huisman, L., Foret, S., Gattuso, J. -P., Hayward, D. C., Ball, E. E., Miller, D. J.Contributors: “...Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie...”
Published in Molecular Ecology (2015)
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514by Blain, Stéphane, Renaut, Sophie, Xing, Xiaogang, Claustre, Hervé, Guinet, ChristopheContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2013)
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515by Philippart, Catharina J. M., Amaral, Ana, Asmus, Ragnhild, Bleijswijk, Judith, Bremner, Julie, Buchholz, Fred, Cabanellas-Reboredo, Miguel, Catarino, Diana, Cattrijsse, Andre, Charles, François, Comtet, Thierry, Cunha, Alexandra, Deudero, Salud, Duchêne, Jean-Claude, Fraschetti, Simonetta, Gentil, Franck, Gittenberger, Arjan, Guizien, Katell, Goncalves, Joao M., Guarnieri, Giuseppe, Hendriks, Iris, Hussel, Birgit, Vieira, Raquel Pinheiro, Reijnen, Bastian T., Sampaio, Iris, Serrão, Ester, Pinto, Isabel Sousa, Thiébaut, Éric, Viard, Frédérique, Zuur, Alain F.Contributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique...”
Published in Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (2012)
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516by Philippart, Catharina J. M., Amaral, Ana, Asmus, Ragnhild, Bleijswijk, Judith, Bremner, Julie, Buchholz, Fred, Cabanellas-Reboredo, Miguel, Catarino, Diana, Cattrijsse, Andre, Charles, François, Comtet, Thierry, Cunha, Alexandra, Deudero, Salud, Duchêne, Jean-Claude, Fraschetti, Simonetta, Gentil, Franck, Gittenberger, Arjan, Guizien, Katell, Goncalves, Joao M., Guarnieri, Giuseppe, Hendriks, Iris, Hussel, Birgit, Vieira, Raquel Pinheiro, Reijnen, Bastian T., Sampaio, Iris, Serrão, Ester, Pinto, Isabel Sousa, Thiébaut, Éric, Viard, Frédérique, Zuur, Alain F.Contributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique...”
Published in Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (2012)
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517by Eichinger, Irmgard, Hourdez, Stéphane, Bright, MonikaContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique...”
Published in Organisms Diversity & Evolution (2013)
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518by Blain, Stéphane, Renaut, Sophie, Xing, Xiaogang, Claustre, Hervé, Guinet, ChristopheContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2013)
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519by Blain, Stéphane, Renaut, Sophie, Xing, Xiaogang, Claustre, Hervé, Guinet, ChristopheContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique...”
Published in Geophysical Research Letters (2013)
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520by Clark, Melody S., Thorne, Michael A. S., Toullec, Jean-Yves, Meng, Yan, Guan, Le Luo, Peck, Lloyd S., Moore, StephenContributors: “...Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique...”
Published in PLoS ONE (2011)
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