Japan
![[[Legend](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Emperor_Jimmu.jpg)
The first known habitation of the archipelago dates to the Upper Paleolithic, with the beginning Japanese Paleolithic dating to . Between the fourth and sixth centuries, its kingdoms were united under an emperor in Nara, and later Heian-kyō. From the 12th century, actual power was held by military dictators () and feudal lords (), and enforced by warrior nobility (''samurai''). After rule by the Kamakura and Ashikaga shogunates and a century of warring states, Japan was unified in 1600 by the Tokugawa shogunate, which implemented an isolationist foreign policy. In 1853, a United States fleet forced Japan to open trade to the West, which led to the end of the shogunate and the restoration of imperial power in 1868. In the Meiji period, the Empire of Japan pursued rapid industrialization and modernization, as well as militarism and overseas colonization. In 1937, Japan invaded China, and in 1941 attacked the United States and European colonial powers, entering World War II as an Axis power. After suffering defeat in the Pacific War and two atomic bombings, Japan surrendered in 1945 and came under Allied occupation. After the war, the country underwent rapid economic growth, although its economy has stagnated since 1990.
Japan is a constitutional monarchy with a bicameral legislature, the National Diet. A great power and the only Asian member of the G7, Japan has constitutionally renounced its right to declare war, but maintains one of the world's strongest militaries. A highly developed country with one of the world's largest economies, Japan is a global leader in science and technology and the automotive, robotics, and electronics industries. It has one of the world's highest life expectancies, though it is undergoing a population decline. Japan's culture is well known around the world, including its art, cuisine, film, music, and popular culture, which includes prominent comics, animation, and video game industries. Provided by Wikipedia
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1641by Ayarzagüena, Blanca, Polvani, Lorenzo, M., Langematz, Ulrike, Akiyoshi, Hideharu, Bekki, Slimane, Butchart, Neal, Dameris, Martin, Deushi, Makoto, Hardiman, Steven, C., Jöckel, Patrick, Klekociuk, Andrew, Marchand, Marion, Michou, Martine, Morgenstern, Olaf, O'Connor, Fiona, M., Oman, Luke, D., Plummer, David, A., Revell, Laura, Rozanov, Eugene, Saint-Martin, David, Scinocca, John, Stenke, Andrea, Stone, Kane, Yamashita, Yousuke, Yoshida, Kohei, Zeng, GuangContributors: “...Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2018)
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1642by Ayarzagüena, Blanca, Polvani, Lorenzo, M., Langematz, Ulrike, Akiyoshi, Hideharu, Bekki, Slimane, Butchart, Neal, Dameris, Martin, Deushi, Makoto, Hardiman, Steven, C., Jöckel, Patrick, Klekociuk, Andrew, Marchand, Marion, Michou, Martine, Morgenstern, Olaf, O'Connor, Fiona, M., Oman, Luke, D., Plummer, David, A., Revell, Laura, Rozanov, Eugene, Saint-Martin, David, Scinocca, John, Stenke, Andrea, Stone, Kane, Yamashita, Yousuke, Yoshida, Kohei, Zeng, GuangContributors: “...Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2018)
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1643by Ayarzagüena, Blanca, Polvani, Lorenzo, M., Langematz, Ulrike, Akiyoshi, Hideharu, Bekki, Slimane, Butchart, Neal, Dameris, Martin, Deushi, Makoto, Hardiman, Steven, C., Jöckel, Patrick, Klekociuk, Andrew, Marchand, Marion, Michou, Martine, Morgenstern, Olaf, O'Connor, Fiona, M., Oman, Luke, D., Plummer, David, A., Revell, Laura, Rozanov, Eugene, Saint-Martin, David, Scinocca, John, Stenke, Andrea, Stone, Kane, Yamashita, Yousuke, Yoshida, Kohei, Zeng, GuangContributors: “...Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2018)
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1644by Ayarzagüena, Blanca, Polvani, Lorenzo, M., Langematz, Ulrike, Akiyoshi, Hideharu, Bekki, Slimane, Butchart, Neal, Dameris, Martin, Deushi, Makoto, Hardiman, Steven, C., Jöckel, Patrick, Klekociuk, Andrew, Marchand, Marion, Michou, Martine, Morgenstern, Olaf, O'Connor, Fiona, M., Oman, Luke, D., Plummer, David, A., Revell, Laura, Rozanov, Eugene, Saint-Martin, David, Scinocca, John, Stenke, Andrea, Stone, Kane, Yamashita, Yousuke, Yoshida, Kohei, Zeng, GuangContributors: “...Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2018)
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1645by Ayarzagüena, Blanca, Polvani, Lorenzo, M., Langematz, Ulrike, Akiyoshi, Hideharu, Bekki, Slimane, Butchart, Neal, Dameris, Martin, Deushi, Makoto, Hardiman, Steven, C., Jöckel, Patrick, Klekociuk, Andrew, Marchand, Marion, Michou, Martine, Morgenstern, Olaf, O'Connor, Fiona, M., Oman, Luke, D., Plummer, David, A., Revell, Laura, Rozanov, Eugene, Saint-Martin, David, Scinocca, John, Stenke, Andrea, Stone, Kane, Yamashita, Yousuke, Yoshida, Kohei, Zeng, GuangContributors: “...Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2018)
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1646by Ayarzagüena, Blanca, Polvani, Lorenzo, M., Langematz, Ulrike, Akiyoshi, Hideharu, Bekki, Slimane, Butchart, Neal, Dameris, Martin, Deushi, Makoto, Hardiman, Steven, C., Jöckel, Patrick, Klekociuk, Andrew, Marchand, Marion, Michou, Martine, Morgenstern, Olaf, O'Connor, Fiona, M., Oman, Luke, D., Plummer, David, A., Revell, Laura, Rozanov, Eugene, Saint-Martin, David, Scinocca, John, Stenke, Andrea, Stone, Kane, Yamashita, Yousuke, Yoshida, Kohei, Zeng, GuangContributors: “...Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2018)
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1647by Kim, D., Chin, M., Yu, H., Diehl, T., Tan, Q., Kahn, R.A., Tsigaridis, K., Bauer, S.E., Takemura, T., Pozzoli, L., Bellouin, N., Schulz, M, Peyridieu, Sophie, Chédin, A., Koffi, B.Contributors: “...Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (2014)
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1648by Rabier, F., Gauthier, P., Cardinali, C., Langland, R., Tsyrulnikov, M., Lorenc, A., Steinle, P., Gelaro, R., Koizumi, K.Contributors: “...Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)...”
Published 2008
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1649by Fox-Kemper, Baylor, Adcroft, Alistair, Böning, Claus, Chassignet, Eric, Curchitser, Enrique, Danabasoglu, Gokhan, Eden, Carsten, England, Matthew, Gerdes, Rüdiger, Greatbatch, Richard, Griffies, Stephen, Hallberg, Robert, Hanert, Emmanuel, Heimbach, Patrick, Hewitt, Helene, Hill, Christopher, Komuro, Yoshiki, Legg, Sonya, Le Sommer, Julien, Masina, Simona, Marsland, Simon, Penny, Stephen, Qiao, Fangli, Ringler, Todd, Treguier, Anne Marie, Tsujino, Hiroyuki, Uotila, Petteri, Yeager, StephenContributors: “...Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)...”
Published in Frontiers in Marine Science (2019)
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1650by Kim, D., Chin, M., Yu, H., Diehl, T., Tan, Q., Kahn, R.A., Tsigaridis, K., Bauer, S.E., Takemura, T., Pozzoli, L., Bellouin, N., Schulz, M, Peyridieu, Sophie, Chédin, A., Koffi, B.Contributors: “...Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (2014)
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1651by Mensah, Vigan, Roquet, Fabien, Siegelman-Charbit, Lia, Picard, Baptiste, Pauthenet, Etienne, Guinet, ChristopheContributors: “...Hokkaido University Sapporo, Japan...”
Published in Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology (2018)
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1652by Mensah, Vigan, Roquet, Fabien, Siegelman-Charbit, Lia, Picard, Baptiste, Pauthenet, Etienne, Guinet, ChristopheContributors: “...Hokkaido University Sapporo, Japan...”
Published in Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology (2018)
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1653by Whaley, Cynthia, Law, Kathy S., Hjorth, Jens Liengaard, Skov, Henrik, Arnold, Stephen, Langner, Joakim, Pernov, Jakob Boyd, Chien, Rong-You, Christensen, Jesper, Deushi, Makoto, Dong, Xinyi, Faluvegi, Gregory, Flanner, Mark, Fu, Joshua, Gauss, Michael, Im, Ulas, Marelle, Louis, Onishi, Tatsuo, Oshima, Naga, Plummer, David, Pozzoli, Luca, Raut, Jean-Christophe, Skeie, Ragnhild, Thomas, Manu, Tsigaridis, Kostas, Tsyro, Svetlana, Turnock, Steven, von Salzen, Knut, Tarasick, DavidContributors: “...Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)...”
Published 2022
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1654by Whaley, Cynthia, Law, Kathy S., Hjorth, Jens Liengaard, Skov, Henrik, Arnold, Stephen, Langner, Joakim, Pernov, Jakob Boyd, Chien, Rong-You, Christensen, Jesper, Deushi, Makoto, Dong, Xinyi, Faluvegi, Gregory, Flanner, Mark, Fu, Joshua, Gauss, Michael, Im, Ulas, Marelle, Louis, Onishi, Tatsuo, Oshima, Naga, Plummer, David, Pozzoli, Luca, Raut, Jean-Christophe, Skeie, Ragnhild, Thomas, Manu, Tsigaridis, Kostas, Tsyro, Svetlana, Turnock, Steven, von Salzen, Knut, Tarasick, DavidContributors: “...Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)...”
Published 2022
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1655by Whaley, Cynthia, Law, Kathy S., Hjorth, Jens Liengaard, Skov, Henrik, Arnold, Stephen, Langner, Joakim, Pernov, Jakob Boyd, Chien, Rong-You, Christensen, Jesper, Deushi, Makoto, Dong, Xinyi, Faluvegi, Gregory, Flanner, Mark, Fu, Joshua, Gauss, Michael, Im, Ulas, Marelle, Louis, Onishi, Tatsuo, Oshima, Naga, Plummer, David, Pozzoli, Luca, Raut, Jean-Christophe, Skeie, Ragnhild, Thomas, Manu, Tsigaridis, Kostas, Tsyro, Svetlana, Turnock, Steven, von Salzen, Knut, Tarasick, DavidContributors: “...Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)...”
Published 2022
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1656by Whaley, Cynthia, Law, Kathy S., Hjorth, Jens Liengaard, Skov, Henrik, Arnold, Stephen, Langner, Joakim, Pernov, Jakob Boyd, Chien, Rong-You, Christensen, Jesper, Deushi, Makoto, Dong, Xinyi, Faluvegi, Gregory, Flanner, Mark, Fu, Joshua, Gauss, Michael, Im, Ulas, Marelle, Louis, Onishi, Tatsuo, Oshima, Naga, Plummer, David, Pozzoli, Luca, Raut, Jean-Christophe, Skeie, Ragnhild, Thomas, Manu, Tsigaridis, Kostas, Tsyro, Svetlana, Turnock, Steven, von Salzen, Knut, Tarasick, DavidContributors: “...Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)...”
Published 2022
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1657by Kravitz, B., Forster, P.M., Jones, A., Robock, A., Alterskjær, K., Boucher, Olivier, Jenkins, A.K.L., Korhonen, H., Kristjánsson, J.E., Muri, H., Niemeier, U., Partanen, A.-I., Rasch, P.J., Wang, H., Watanabe, S.Contributors: “...Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (2013)
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1658by Kravitz, B., Forster, P.M., Jones, A., Robock, A., Alterskjær, K., Boucher, Olivier, Jenkins, A.K.L., Korhonen, H., Kristjánsson, J.E., Muri, H., Niemeier, U., Partanen, A.-I., Rasch, P.J., Wang, H., Watanabe, S.Contributors: “...Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (2013)
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1659by Faranda, Davide, Masato, Giacomo, Moloney, Nicholas, Sato, Yuzuru, Daviaud, François, Dubrulle, Bérengère, Yiou, PascalContributors: “...Hokkaido University Sapporo, Japan...”
Published in Climate Dynamics (2015)
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1660by Whaley, Cynthia, von Salzen, Knut, Mahmood, Rashed, Weiss-Gibbons, Tahya, Winter, Barbara, Saunders, Laura, Eckhardt, Sabine, Arnold, Stephen, Christensen, Jesper, Flanner, Mark, Fu, Joshua, Gauss, Michael, Huang, Lin, Im, Ulas, Klimont, Zbigniew, Langner, Joakim, Law, Kathy S., Onishi, Tatsuo, Watson-Parris, Duncan, Oshima, Naga, Peng, Yiran, Plummer, David, Pozzoli, Luca, Raut, Jean-Christophe, Sand, Maria, Schmale, Julia, Sharma, Sangeeta, Thomas, Manu, Tsyro, SvetlanaContributors: “...Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)...”
Published 2021
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