Japan
![[[Legend](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Emperor_Jimmu.jpg)
The first known habitation of the archipelago dates to the Upper Paleolithic, with the beginning Japanese Paleolithic dating to . Between the fourth and sixth centuries, its kingdoms were united under an emperor in Nara, and later Heian-kyō. From the 12th century, actual power was held by military dictators () and feudal lords (), and enforced by warrior nobility (''samurai''). After rule by the Kamakura and Ashikaga shogunates and a century of warring states, Japan was unified in 1600 by the Tokugawa shogunate, which implemented an isolationist foreign policy. In 1853, a United States fleet forced Japan to open trade to the West, which led to the end of the shogunate and the restoration of imperial power in 1868. In the Meiji period, the Empire of Japan pursued rapid industrialization and modernization, as well as militarism and overseas colonization. In 1937, Japan invaded China, and in 1941 attacked the United States and European colonial powers, entering World War II as an Axis power. After suffering defeat in the Pacific War and two atomic bombings, Japan surrendered in 1945 and came under Allied occupation. After the war, the country underwent rapid economic growth, although its economy has stagnated since 1990.
Japan is a constitutional monarchy with a bicameral legislature, the National Diet. A great power and the only Asian member of the G7, Japan has constitutionally renounced its right to declare war, but maintains one of the world's strongest militaries. A highly developed country with one of the world's largest economies, Japan is a global leader in science and technology and the automotive, robotics, and electronics industries. It has one of the world's highest life expectancies, though it is undergoing a population decline. Japan's culture is well known around the world, including its art, cuisine, film, music, and popular culture, which includes prominent comics, animation, and video game industries. Provided by Wikipedia
-
221by Cornwall, Christopher E., Harvey, Ben P., Comeau, Steeve, Cornwall, Daniel L., Hall‐Spencer, Jason M., Peña, Viviana, Wada, Shigeki, Porzio, LuciaContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Global Change Biology (2021)
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
222by Ichimaru, Hiroaki, Mizuno, Yosuke, Chen, Xi, Nishiguchi, Akihiro, Taguchi, TetsushiContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Biomaterials Science (2021)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
223by Onuma, Yukihiko, Takeuchi, Nozomu, Uetake, Jun, Niwano, Masashi, Tanaka, Sota, Nagatsuka, Naoko, Aoki, TeruoContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Journal of Glaciology (2022)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
224by Zanis, Prodromos, Akritidis, Dimitris, Turnock, Steven, Naik, Vaishali, Szopa, Sophie, Georgoulias, Aristeidis K, Bauer, Susanne E, Deushi, Makoto, Horowitz, Larry W, Keeble, James, Le Sager, Philippe, O’Connor, Fiona M, Oshima, Naga, Tsigaridis, Konstantinos, van Noije, TwanContributors: “...Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency of Japan...”
Published in Environmental Research Letters (2022)
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
225Contributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
226by Hayashi, Kentaro, Tanabe, Yukiko, Ono, Keisuke, Loonen, Maarten J. J. E., Asano, Maki, Fujitani, Hirotsugu, Tokida, Takeshi, Uchida, Masaki, Hayatsu, MasahitoContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Scientific Reports (2018)
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
227Contributors: “...Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology...”
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
228by Kotani, Ayumi, Saito, Atsushi, Kononov, Alexander V., Petrov, Roman E., Maximov, Trofim C., Iijima, Yoshihiro, Ohta, TakeshiContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (2019)
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
229by Agostini, Sylvain, Houlbrèque, Fanny, Biscéré, Tom, Harvey, Ben P., Heitzman, Joshua M., Takimoto, Risa, Yamazaki, Wataru, Milazzo, Marco, Rodolfo-Metalpa, RiccardoContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Frontiers in Marine Science (2021)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
230by Katsuyama, Yuta, Katsushima, Takafumi, Takeuchi, YukariContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Journal of Glaciology (2022)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
231Contributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Get access
Get access
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
232by Ikenoue, Takahito, Bjørklund, Kjell R., Fujiwara, Amane, Uchimiya, Mario, Kimoto, Katsunori, Harada, Naomi, Nishino, ShigetoContributors: “...Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Polar Biology (2018)
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
233by Hobara, Satoru, Kushida, Keiji, Kim, Yongwon, Koba, Keisuke, Lee, Bang-Yong, Ae, NoriharuContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Ecosystems (2016)
Get access
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
234by Haines, Seth S., Collett, Timothy S., Yoneda, Jun, Shimoda, Naoyuki, Boswell, Ray, Okinaka, NorihiroContributors: “...Research Consortium for Methane Hydrate Resources in Japan...”
Published in Energy & Fuels (2022)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
235Contributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London...”
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
236Contributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
237by Mizuno, Yosuke, Watanabe, Shiharu, Taguchi, TetsushiContributors: “...Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development...”
Published in International Journal of Biological Macromolecules (2020)
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
238by Oka, Eitarou, Kouketsu, Shinya, Yanagimoto, Daigo, Ito, Daiki, Kawai, Yoshimi, Sugimoto, Shusaku, Qiu, BoContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Journal of Oceanography (2020)
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
239Contributors: “...Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology...”
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
240by Bracci, Alessandro, Sato, Kaori, Baldini, Luca, Porcù, Federico, Okamoto, HajimeContributors: “...Japan Society for the Promotion of Science...”
Published in Remote Sensing of Environment (2023)
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper