Gong
A gong is a percussion instrument originating in East Asia and Southeast Asia. A gong is a flat, circular metal disc that is typically struck with a mallet. They can be small or large in size, and tuned or can require tuning.The earliest possible depictions of gongs is from the details on the surface of the Ngọc Lũ I bronze drum (c. 3rd to 2nd century BC) from the Dong Son culture of northern Vietnam. It depicts what looks like seven-gong ensembles along with other instruments (including cymbals/bells and the bronze drums themselves). The oldest undisputed historical mention of gongs can be found in sixth century AD Chinese records, which mentioned it as a foreign instrument that came from a country between Tibet and Burma. The term ''gong'' () originated in the Indonesian island of Java. Scientific and archaeological research has established that Burma, China, Java and Annam were the four main gong manufacturing centres of the ancient world. The gong found its way into the Western World in the 18th century, when it was also used in the percussion section of a Western-style symphony orchestra. A form of bronze cauldron gong known as a resting bell was widely used in ancient Greece and Rome: for instance in the famous Oracle of Dodona, where disc gongs were also used.
Gongs generally fall into three types: Suspended gongs are more or less flat, circular discs of metal suspended vertically by means of a cord passed through holes near to the top rim. Bossed or nipple gongs have a raised centre boss or knob and are often suspended and played horizontally. Bowl gongs are bowl-shaped and rest on cushions. The latter may be considered a member of the bell category. Gongs are made mainly from bronze or brass, though there are many other alloys in use.
Gongs produce two distinct types of sound. A gong with a substantially flat surface vibrates in multiple modes, giving a "crash" rather than a tuned note. This category of gong is sometimes called a tam-tam, to distinguish it from the bossed gongs that give a tuned note. In Indonesian gamelan ensembles, some bossed gongs are deliberately made to generate an additional beat note in the range from about 1 to 5 Hz. The use of the term "gong" for both these types of instrument is common. Provided by Wikipedia
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1161by Luong-Van, Daniel M., Ashley, Michael C. B., Cui, Xiangqun, Everett, Jon R., Feng, Longlong, Gong, Xuefei, Hengst, Shane, Lawrence, Jon S., Storey, John W. V., Wang, Lifan, Yang, Huigen, Yang, Ji, Zhou, Xu, Zhu, ZhengxiGet access
Published in SPIE Proceedings, Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes III (2010)
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1162by Chou, Wen-Chen, Fan, Lan-Feng, Yang, Chang-Chang, Chen, Ying-Hsuan, Hung, Chin-Chang, Huang, Wei-Jen, Shih, Yung-Yen, Soong, Keryea, Tseng, Hsiao-Chun, Gong, Gwo-Ching, Chen, Hung-Yu, Su, Cheng-KuanGet access
Published 2020
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1163by Si, Y., Xu, Y.J., Xu, F., Li, X.Y., Zhang, W.Y., Wielstra, B.M., Wei, J., Liu, G.H., Luo, H., Takekawa, J., Balachandran, S., Zhang, T., De Boer, W.F., Prins, H.H.T., Gong, P.Get access
Published in Ecology and Evolution (2018)
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1164Modelling Regional Air Quality in the Canadian Arctic: Simulation of an Arctic Summer Field Campaignby Gong, Wanmin, Beagley, Stephen, Zhang, Junhua, Staebler, Ralf, Aliabadi, Amir A., Sharma, Sangeeta, Tarasick, David, Burkart, Julia, Willis, Megan, Wentworth, Greg, Murphy, Jennifer, Bozem, Heiko, Koellner, Franziska, Schneider, Johannes, Herber, Andreas, Richard Leaitch, W., Abbatt, JonGet access
Published 2017
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1165by Solveig L. Sørensen (10168697), Youngjin Park (195938), Yangyang Gong (4245901), Ghana K. Vasanth (4245895), Dalia Dahle (633350), Kjetil Korsnes (10168700), Tran Ha Phuong (10168703), Viswanath Kiron (252416), Sjur Øyen (10168706), Karin Pittman (10168709), Mette Sørensen (60811)Get access
Published 2021
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1166by Li, Zhengyang, Yuan, Xiangyan, Cui, Xiangqun, Wang, Lifan, Shang, Zhaohui, Du, Fujia, Gong, Xuefei, Gu, Bozhong, Hu, Yi, Jiang, Peng, Li, Xiaoyan, Lu, Haiping, Ma, Bin, Wei, Fuhai, Wen, Haikun, Xu, Jin, Yang, Shihai, Zhou, HonyanGet access
Published in Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes VII (2018)
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1167by Pavel Talalay, Xingchen Li, Nan Zhang, Xiaopeng Fan, Youhong Sun, Pinlu Cao, Rusheng Wang, Yang Yang, Yongwen Liu, Yunchen Liu, Wei Wu, Cheng Yang, Jialin Hong, Da Gong, Han Zhang, Xiao Li, Yunwang Chen, An Liu, Yazhou LiGet access
Published in Annals of Glaciology (2021)
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1168by Pavel Talalay, Xingchen Li, Nan Zhang, Xiaopeng Fan, Youhong Sun, Pinlu Cao, Rusheng Wang, Yang Yang, Yongwen Liu, Yunchen Liu, Wei Wu, Cheng Yang, Jialin Hong, Da Gong, Han Zhang, Xiao Li, Yunwang Chen, An Liu, Yazhou LiGet access
Published in Annals of Glaciology (2021)
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1169Two spawning stocks of icefish Neosalanx taihuensis revealed from annual reproductive cycle analysesby Gong, Wang Bao, Li, Hong Tao, Xie, Shou Qi, Liu, Jia Shou, Murphy, Brian R., Xie, Song Guang, Xie, SG, Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Biodivers & Conservat Aquat Organisms, Inst Hydrobiol, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, Peoples R ChinaGet access
Published in Fisheries Science (2009)
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1170
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1171by Hui, FengMing, Cheng, Xiao, Liu, Yan, Zhang, YanMei, Ye, YuFang, Wang, XianWei, Li, Zhan, Wang, Kun, Zhan, ZhiFei, Guo, JianHong, Huang, HuaBing, Li, XiuHong, Guo, ZiQi, Gong, PengGet access
Published in Science China Earth Sciences (2012)
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1172
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1173by Wang, Chao, Gong, Yufeng, Deng, Fuchang, Ding, Enmin, Tang, Jie, Codling, Garry, Challis, Jonathan K., Green, Derek, Wang, Jing, Chen, Qiliang, Xie, Yuwei, Su, Shu, Yang, Zilin, Raine, Jason, Jones, Paul D., Tang, Song, Giesy, John P.Get access
Published in Global Change Biology (2021)
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1174by Talalay, Pavel, Li, Xingchen, Zhang, Nan, Fan, Xiaopeng, Sun, Youhong, Cao, Pinlu, Wang, Rusheng, Yang, Yang, Liu, Yongwen, Liu, Yunchen, Wu, Wei, Yang, Cheng, Hong, Jialin, Gong, Da, Zhang, Han, Li, Xiao, Chen, Yunwang, Liu, An, Li, YazhouGet access
Published in Annals of Glaciology (2020)
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1175by Talalay, Pavel, Li, Xingchen, Zhang, Nan, Fan, Xiaopeng, Sun, Youhong, Cao, Pinlu, Wang, Rusheng, Yang, Yang, Liu, Yongwen, Liu, Yunchen, Wu, Wei, Yang, Cheng, Hong, Jialin, Gong, Da, Zhang, Han, Li, Xiao, Chen, Yunwang, Liu, An, Li, YazhouGet access
Published in Annals of Glaciology (2020)
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1176by Zhou, Xu, Wu, Zhenyu, Jiang, Zhaoji, Cui, Xiangqun, Feng, Longlong, Gong, Xuefei, Hu, Jingyao, Li, Qisheng, Liu, Genrong, Ma, Jun, Wang, Jiali, Wang, Lifan, Wu, Jianghua, Xia, Lirong, Yan, Jun, Yuan, Xiangyan, Zhai, Fengxiang, Zhang, Ru, Zhu, ZhenxiGet access
Published 2010
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1177by Yang, Shiyong, Xu, Wenqiang, Tan, Chaolun, Li, Minghao, Li, Datian, Zhang, Chaoyang, Feng, Langkun, Chen, Qianyu, Jiang, Jun, Li, Yunkun, Du, Zongjun, Luo, Wei, Li, Caiyi, Gong, Quan, Huang, Xiaoli, Du, Xiaogang, Du, Jun, Liu, Guangxun, Wu, JiayunGet access
Published in Frontiers in Microbiology (2022)
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1178by Shiyong Yang, Wenqiang Xu, Chaolun Tan, Minghao Li, Datian Li, Chaoyang Zhang, Langkun Feng, Qianyu Chen, Jun Jiang, Yunkun Li, Zongjun Du, Wei Luo, Caiyi Li, Quan Gong, Xiaoli Huang, Xiaogang Du, Jun Du, Guangxun Liu, Jiayun WuGet access
Published in Frontiers in Microbiology (2022)
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1179by Shiyong Yang, Wenqiang Xu, Chaolun Tan, Minghao Li, Datian Li, Chaoyang Zhang, Langkun Feng, Qianyu Chen, Jun Jiang, Yunkun Li, Zongjun Du, Wei Luo, Caiyi Li, Quan Gong, Xiaoli Huang, Xiaogang Du, Jun Du, Guangxun Liu, Jiayun WuGet access
Published 2022
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