Gong
A gong is a percussion instrument originating in East Asia and Southeast Asia. A gong is a flat, circular metal disc that is typically struck with a mallet. They can be small or large in size, and tuned or can require tuning.The earliest possible depictions of gongs is from the details on the surface of the Ngọc Lũ I bronze drum (c. 3rd to 2nd century BC) from the Dong Son culture of northern Vietnam. It depicts what looks like seven-gong ensembles along with other instruments (including cymbals/bells and the bronze drums themselves). The oldest undisputed historical mention of gongs can be found in sixth century AD Chinese records, which mentioned it as a foreign instrument that came from a country between Tibet and Burma. The term ''gong'' () originated in the Indonesian island of Java. Scientific and archaeological research has established that Burma, China, Java and Annam were the four main gong manufacturing centres of the ancient world. The gong found its way into the Western World in the 18th century, when it was also used in the percussion section of a Western-style symphony orchestra. A form of bronze cauldron gong known as a resting bell was widely used in ancient Greece and Rome: for instance in the famous Oracle of Dodona, where disc gongs were also used.
Gongs generally fall into three types: Suspended gongs are more or less flat, circular discs of metal suspended vertically by means of a cord passed through holes near to the top rim. Bossed or nipple gongs have a raised centre boss or knob and are often suspended and played horizontally. Bowl gongs are bowl-shaped and rest on cushions. The latter may be considered a member of the bell category. Gongs are made mainly from bronze or brass, though there are many other alloys in use.
Gongs produce two distinct types of sound. A gong with a substantially flat surface vibrates in multiple modes, giving a "crash" rather than a tuned note. This category of gong is sometimes called a tam-tam, to distinguish it from the bossed gongs that give a tuned note. In Indonesian gamelan ensembles, some bossed gongs are deliberately made to generate an additional beat note in the range from about 1 to 5 Hz. The use of the term "gong" for both these types of instrument is common. Provided by Wikipedia
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883by Huang JianBin, Wang ShaoWu, Gong DaoYi, Zhou TianJun, Wen XinYu, Zhang ZiYin, Zhu JinHongGet access
Published in Chinese Science Bulletin (2010)
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884by Zhang, Shuai, Yu, Zhoufei(俞宙菲), Wang, Yue, Gong, Xun, Holbourn, Ann, Chang, Fengming, Liu, Heng, Cheng, Xuhua, Li, TiegangGet access
Published in Nature Communications (2022)
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885by Hui, FengMing, Kang, Jing, Liu, Yan, Cheng, Xiao, Gong, Peng, Wang, Fang, Li, Zhan, Ye, YuFang, Guo, ZiQiGet access
Published in Science China Earth Sciences (2017)
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887by Qing-Long Gong, Yu Chen, Tian Tian, Xiaobo Wen, Dong Li, Yu-Hao Song, Qi Wang, Rui Du, Xiao-Xuan ZhangGet access
Published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2021)
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888by Viswanath eKiron, Mette eSørensen, Mark eHuntley, Ghana K Vasanth, Yangyang eGong, Dalia eDahle, Anjana M. PalihawadanaGet access
Published in Frontiers in Marine Science (2016)
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889by Xiao-Dan Li, Chao Shan, Cheng-Lin Deng, Han-Qing Ye, Pei-Yong Shi, Zhi-Ming Yuan, Peng Gong, Bo ZhangGet access
Published in PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2014)
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890by Pavel G. Talalay, Da Gong, Xiaopeng Fan, Yazhou Li, German Leitchenkov, Bing Li, Nan Zhang, Rusheng Wang, Yang Yang, Jialin HongGet access
Published in Journal of Glaciology (2023)
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891by Einarsdóttir, I. E., Gong, N., Jönsson, E., Sundh, H., Hasselberg‐Frank, L., Nilsen, T. O., Stefansson, S. O., Sundell, K., Björnsson, B. Th.Get access
Published in Journal of Fish Biology (2014)
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892by Talalay, Pavel G., Gong, Da, Fan, Xiaopeng, Li, Yazhou, Leitchenkov, German, Li, Bing, Zhang, Nan, Wang, Rusheng, Yang, Yang, Hong, JialinGet access
Published in Journal of Glaciology (2023)
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893by Z.-C. Zeng, V. Natraj, F. Xu, S. Chen, F.-Y. Gong, T. J. Pongetti, K. Sung, G. Toon, S. P. Sander, Y. L. YungGet access
Published in Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (2021)
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894by Jian, Zhimin, Dang, Haowen, Yu, Jimin, Wu, Qiong, Gong, Xun, Stepanek, Christian, Colin, Christophe, Hu, Lili, Lohmann, Gerrit, Zhou, Xiaoli, Wan, SuiGet access
Published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters (2023)
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895by Zhang, Yitong, Gong, Chunguang, Zhao, Yaxian, Wang, Guixing, Liu, Yufeng, He, Zhongwei, Ren, Yuqin, Cao, Wei, Zhao, Haitao, Wang, Yufen, Hou, JilunGet access
Published in Aquaculture (2022)
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896by Gong, Wanmin, Beagley, Stephen R., Zhang, Junhua, Cousineau, Sophie, Chen, Jack, Sassi, Mourad, Munoz-Alpizar, Rodrigo, Morrison, Heather, Lyons, Lynn, Bellavance, PascalGet access
Published 2016
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900by Haiyang Wang, Hongmei Liu, Hui Peng, Yang Wang, Chongxing Zhang, Xiuxia Guo, Haifang Wang, Lijuan Liu, Wenxiang Lv, Peng Cheng, Maoqing GongGet access
Published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2022)
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