Gong
A gong is a percussion instrument originating in East Asia and Southeast Asia. A gong is a flat, circular metal disc that is typically struck with a mallet. They can be small or large in size, and tuned or can require tuning.The earliest possible depictions of gongs is from the details on the surface of the Ngọc Lũ I bronze drum (c. 3rd to 2nd century BC) from the Dong Son culture of northern Vietnam. It depicts what looks like seven-gong ensembles along with other instruments (including cymbals/bells and the bronze drums themselves). The oldest undisputed historical mention of gongs can be found in sixth century AD Chinese records, which mentioned it as a foreign instrument that came from a country between Tibet and Burma. The term ''gong'' () originated in the Indonesian island of Java. Scientific and archaeological research has established that Burma, China, Java and Annam were the four main gong manufacturing centres of the ancient world. The gong found its way into the Western World in the 18th century, when it was also used in the percussion section of a Western-style symphony orchestra. A form of bronze cauldron gong known as a resting bell was widely used in ancient Greece and Rome: for instance in the famous Oracle of Dodona, where disc gongs were also used.
Gongs generally fall into three types: Suspended gongs are more or less flat, circular discs of metal suspended vertically by means of a cord passed through holes near to the top rim. Bossed or nipple gongs have a raised centre boss or knob and are often suspended and played horizontally. Bowl gongs are bowl-shaped and rest on cushions. The latter may be considered a member of the bell category. Gongs are made mainly from bronze or brass, though there are many other alloys in use.
Gongs produce two distinct types of sound. A gong with a substantially flat surface vibrates in multiple modes, giving a "crash" rather than a tuned note. This category of gong is sometimes called a tam-tam, to distinguish it from the bossed gongs that give a tuned note. In Indonesian gamelan ensembles, some bossed gongs are deliberately made to generate an additional beat note in the range from about 1 to 5 Hz. The use of the term "gong" for both these types of instrument is common. Provided by Wikipedia
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801by Dongen, Eef C. H., Kirchner, Nina, Gijzen, Martin B., Wal, Roderik S. W., Zwinger, Thomas, Cheng, Gong, Lötstedt, Per, Sydow, LinaGet access
Published in Geoscientific Model Development (2018)
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802by Kang, ShiChang, Zhang, YongJun, Qin, DaHe, Ren, JiaWen, Zhang, QiangGong, Grigholm, Bjorn, Mayewski, Paul A.Get access
Published in Chinese Science Bulletin (2007)
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803by Xing-min Zhao, Fang-yun Song, Jian Deng, Zhu Rao, Zhi-gang Wen, Dao-gong Hu, Li Yi, Chen LiuGet access
Published in China Geology (2018)
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804by Gong, Xianda, Radenz, Martin, Wex, Heike, Seifert, Patric, Ataei, Farnoush, Henning, Silvia, Baars, Holger, Barja, Boris, Ansmann, Albert, Stratmann, FrankGet access
Published 2022
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806by Gong, Xianda, Radenz, Martin, Wex, Heike, Seifert, Patric, Ataei, Farnoush, Henning, Silvia, Baars, Holger, Barja, Boris, Ansmann, Albert, Stratmann, FrankGet access
Published 2022
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807by Rachel E. Sipler, Donglai Gong, Steven E. Baer, Marta P. Sanderson, Quinn N. Roberts, Margaret R. Mulholland, Deborah A. BronkGet access
Published in Limnology and Oceanography Letters (2017)
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808by Xie, Aihong, Wang, Shimeng, Xiao, Cunde, Kang, Shichang, Gong, Juanxiao, Ding, Minghu, Li, Chuanjin, Dou, Tingfeng, Ren, Jiawen, Qin, DaheGet access
Published in Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (2016)
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809by Xiaofang Liang, Jia Wang, Guan Gong, Min Xue, Yingchao Dong, Xiufeng Wu, Xin Wang, Chunshan Chen, Xufang Liang, Yuchang QinGet access
Published in Animal Nutrition (2017)
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810by Gong, Dao-Yi, Guo, Dong, Gao, Yongqi, Yang, Jing, Mao, Rui, Qu, Jingxuan, Gao, Miaoni, Li, Sang, Kim, Seong-JoongGet access
Published in Climate Dynamics (2016)
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811by M. Hartmann, X. Gong, S. Kecorius, M. van Pinxteren, T. Vogl, A. Welti, H. Wex, S. Zeppenfeld, H. Herrmann, A. Wiedensohler, F. StratmannGet access
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2021)
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812by Pavel Talalay, Xingchen Li, Da Gong, Xiaopeng Fan, Nan Zhang, Yang Yang, Yongwen Liu, Yunchen Liu, Ting Wang, Xiao LiGet access
Published in Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (2019)
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813by Du, Shao Jun, Gong, Zhiyuan, Fletcher, Garth L., Shears, Margaret A., King, Madonna J., Idler, David R., Hew, Choy L.Get access
Published in Nature Biotechnology (1992)
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814by Rong Wang, Gerhard Kuhn, Xun Gong, Boris K. Biskaborn, Rainer Gersonde, Lester Lembke-Jene, Gerrit Lohmann, Ralf Tiedemann, Bernhard DiekmannGet access
Published in Frontiers in Earth Science (2021)
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815by Wang, Rong, Kuhn, Gerhard, Gong, Xun, Biskaborn, Boris K., Gersonde, Rainer, Lembke-Jene, Lester, Lohmann, Gerrit, Tiedemann, Ralf, Diekmann, BernhardGet access
Published in Frontiers in Earth Science (2021)
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816by Yuru Wang, Xu Zhang, Xiaocen Wang, Nan Zhang, Yanhui Yu, Pengtao Gong, Xichen Zhang, Yeting Ma, Xin Li, Jianhua LiGet access
Published 2023
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817by Ryong Gong, Dae Young Lee, Jae Won Lee, Doo Jin Choi, Geum-Soog Kim, Sang Hyuk Lee, Young-Seob LeeGet access
Published in Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine (2019)
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818by Yuan Zhang, Yanqiu Wei, Yunlong Li, Xuan Wang, Yang Liu, Deyu Tian, Xiaojuan Jia, Rui Gong, Wenjun Liu, Limin YangGet access
Published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2021)
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819by Jiaming Tian, Bingxin Dai, Li Gong, Pingping Wang, Han Ding, Siwei Xia, Weice Sun, Cuiping Ren, Jijia Shen, Miao LiuGet access
Published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2022)
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820by Yanfeng Gong, Jiaxin Feng, Zhuowei Luo, Jingbo Xue, Zhaoyu Guo, Lijuan Zhang, Shang Xia, Shan Lv, Jing Xu, Shizhu LiGet access
Published in Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine (2022)
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