Geophysics
![Illustration of the deformations of a block by body waves and surface waves (see [[seismic wave](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Pswaves.jpg)
Although geophysics was only recognized as a separate discipline in the 19th century, its origins date back to ancient times. The first magnetic compasses were made from lodestones, while more modern magnetic compasses played an important role in the history of navigation. The first seismic instrument was built in 132 AD. Isaac Newton applied his theory of mechanics to the tides and the precession of the equinox; and instruments were developed to measure the Earth's shape, density and gravity field, as well as the components of the water cycle. In the 20th century, geophysical methods were developed for remote exploration of the solid Earth and the ocean, and geophysics played an essential role in the development of the theory of plate tectonics.
Geophysics is applied to societal needs, such as mineral resources, mitigation of natural hazards and environmental protection. In exploration geophysics, geophysical survey data are used to analyze potential petroleum reservoirs and mineral deposits, locate groundwater, find archaeological relics, determine the thickness of glaciers and soils, and assess sites for environmental remediation. Provided by Wikipedia
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1181by Sigmundsson, F., Pinel, V., Lund, B., Albino, F., Pagli, C., Geirsson, H., Sturkell, E.Contributors: “...Institute of Geophysics and Tectonics, School of Earth and Environment...”
Published in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (2010)
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1182by Sigmundsson, F., Pinel, V., Lund, B., Albino, F., Pagli, C., Geirsson, H., Sturkell, E.Contributors: “...Institute of Geophysics and Tectonics, School of Earth and Environment...”
Published in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (2010)
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1183by Sigmundsson, F., Pinel, V., Lund, B., Albino, F., Pagli, C., Geirsson, H., Sturkell, E.Contributors: “...Institute of Geophysics and Tectonics, School of Earth and Environment...”
Published in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (2010)
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1184by Castelnau, Olivier, Duval, Paul, Montagnat, Maurine, Brenner, RenaldContributors: “...Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics San Diego (IGPP)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research (2008)
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1185by Barnier, Bernard, Madec, Gurvan, Penduff, Thierry, Molines, Jean-Marc, Tréguier, Anne-Marie, Le Sommer, Julien, Beckmann, Aike, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Dengg, Joachim, Derval, Corine, Durand, Edmée, Gulev, Sergei K., Rémy, Elisabeth, Talandier, Claude, Theetten, Sébastien, Maltrud, Mathew, Mcclean, Julie, de Cuevas, Beverly A.Contributors: “...Division of Geophysics Helsinki...”
Published in Ocean Dynamics (2006)
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1186by Barnier, Bernard, Madec, Gurvan, Penduff, Thierry, Molines, Jean-Marc, Tréguier, Anne-Marie, Le Sommer, Julien, Beckmann, Aike, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Dengg, Joachim, Derval, Corine, Durand, Edmée, Gulev, Sergei K., Rémy, Elisabeth, Talandier, Claude, Theetten, Sébastien, Maltrud, Mathew, Mcclean, Julie, de Cuevas, Beverly A.Contributors: “...Division of Geophysics Helsinki...”
Published in Ocean Dynamics (2006)
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1187by Barnier, Bernard, Madec, Gurvan, Penduff, Thierry, Molines, Jean-Marc, Tréguier, Anne-Marie, Le Sommer, Julien, Beckmann, Aike, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Dengg, Joachim, Derval, Corine, Durand, Edmée, Gulev, Sergei K., Rémy, Elisabeth, Talandier, Claude, Theetten, Sébastien, Maltrud, Mathew, Mcclean, Julie, de Cuevas, Beverly A.Contributors: “...Division of Geophysics Helsinki...”
Published in Ocean Dynamics (2006)
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1188by Barnier, Bernard, Madec, Gurvan, Penduff, Thierry, Molines, Jean-Marc, Tréguier, Anne-Marie, Le Sommer, Julien, Beckmann, Aike, Biastoch, Arne, Böning, Claus W., Dengg, Joachim, Derval, Corine, Durand, Edmée, Gulev, Sergei K., Rémy, Elisabeth, Talandier, Claude, Theetten, Sébastien, Maltrud, Mathew, Mcclean, Julie, de Cuevas, Beverly A.Contributors: “...Division of Geophysics Helsinki...”
Published in Ocean Dynamics (2006)
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1189by Teixidó, Núria, Carlot, Jérémy, Alliouane, Samir, Ballesteros, Enric, de Vittor, Cinzia, Gambi, Maria Cristina, Gattuso, Jean‐Pierre, Kroeker, Kristy, Micheli, Fiorenza, Mirasole, Alice, Parravacini, Valeriano, Villéger, SébastienContributors: “...National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS)...”
Published in Global Change Biology (2024)
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1190by Teixidó, Núria, Carlot, Jérémy, Alliouane, Samir, Ballesteros, Enric, de Vittor, Cinzia, Gambi, Maria Cristina, Gattuso, Jean‐Pierre, Kroeker, Kristy, Micheli, Fiorenza, Mirasole, Alice, Parravacini, Valeriano, Villéger, SébastienContributors: “...National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS)...”
Published in Global Change Biology (2024)
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1191by Teixidó, Núria, Carlot, Jérémy, Alliouane, Samir, Ballesteros, Enric, de Vittor, Cinzia, Gambi, Maria Cristina, Gattuso, Jean‐Pierre, Kroeker, Kristy, Micheli, Fiorenza, Mirasole, Alice, Parravacini, Valeriano, Villéger, SébastienContributors: “...National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS)...”
Published in Global Change Biology (2024)
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1192by Teixidó, Núria, Carlot, Jérémy, Alliouane, Samir, Ballesteros, Enric, de Vittor, Cinzia, Gambi, Maria Cristina, Gattuso, Jean‐Pierre, Kroeker, Kristy, Micheli, Fiorenza, Mirasole, Alice, Parravacini, Valeriano, Villéger, SébastienContributors: “...National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS)...”
Published in Global Change Biology (2024)
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1193by Pirlet, A.S., Colin, Christophe, Thierens, M., Latruwe, K., van Rooj, D., Foubert, A., Frank, N., Blamart, D., Veerle Huvenne, A.I., Vanhaecke, F., Henriet, J.P.Contributors: “...Dpt of Geology & Geophysics...”
Published in Marine Geology (2011)
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1194by Castelnau, Olivier, Duval, Paul, Montagnat, Maurine, Brenner, RenaldContributors: “...Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics San Diego (IGPP)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (2008)
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1195by Castelnau, Olivier, Duval, Paul, Montagnat, Maurine, Brenner, RenaldContributors: “...Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics San Diego (IGPP)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research (2008)
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1196by Castelnau, Olivier, Duval, Paul, Montagnat, Maurine, Brenner, RenaldContributors: “...Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics San Diego (IGPP)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research (2008)
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1197by Pirlet, A.S., Colin, Christophe, Thierens, M., Latruwe, K., van Rooj, D., Foubert, A., Frank, N., Blamart, D., Veerle Huvenne, A.I., Vanhaecke, F., Henriet, J.P.Contributors: “...Dpt of Geology & Geophysics...”
Published in Marine Geology (2011)
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1198by Pirlet, A.S., Colin, Christophe, Thierens, M., Latruwe, K., van Rooj, D., Foubert, A., Frank, N., Blamart, D., Veerle Huvenne, A.I., Vanhaecke, F., Henriet, J.P.Contributors: “...Dpt of Geology & Geophysics...”
Published in Marine Geology (2011)
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1199by Pirlet, A.S., Colin, Christophe, Thierens, M., Latruwe, K., Van Rooj, D., Foubert, A., Frank, N., Blamart, D., Veerle Huvenne, A.I., Vanhaecke, F., Henriet, J.P.Contributors: “...Dpt of Geology & Geophysics...”
Published in Marine Geology (2011)
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1200by Popescu, Speranta-Maria, Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo, Klotz, Stefan, Lericolais, Gilles, Guichard, François, Çağatay, M, Giosan, Liviu, Calleja, Michel, Fauquette, Séverine, Suc, Jean-PierreContributors: “...Geology and Geophysics Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA...”
Published in Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments (2020)
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