Geology
![Solidified lava flow in Hawaii](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Book-hawaii-vtorov-142.jpg)
Geology ('' ()|earth||'''' ()|study of, discourse}}) is a branch of natural science concerned with the Earth and other astronomical objects, the rocks of which they are composed, and the processes by which they change over time. Modern geology significantly overlaps all other Earth sciences, including hydrology. It is integrated with Earth system science and planetary science.
Geology describes the structure of the Earth on and beneath its surface and the processes that have shaped that structure. Geologists study the mineralogical composition of rocks in order to get insight into their history of formation. Geology determines the relative ages of rocks found at a given location; geochemistry (a branch of geology) determines their absolute ages. By combining various petrological, crystallographic, and paleontological tools, geologists are able to chronicle the geological history of the Earth as a whole. One aspect is to demonstrate the age of the Earth. Geology provides evidence for plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and the Earth's past climates.
Geologists broadly study the properties and processes of Earth and other terrestrial planets. Geologists use a wide variety of methods to understand the Earth's structure and evolution, including fieldwork, rock description, geophysical techniques, chemical analysis, physical experiments, and numerical modelling. In practical terms, geology is important for mineral and hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation, evaluating water resources, understanding natural hazards, remediating environmental problems, and providing insights into past climate change. Geology is a major academic discipline, and it is central to geological engineering and plays an important role in geotechnical engineering. Provided by Wikipedia
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661Contributors: “...Department of Geography and Geology Greifswald...”
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662Contributors: “...Department of Geography and Geology Greifswald...”
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665by Morton, Andrew, Jolley, David W., Szulc, Adam G., Whitham, Andrew G., Strogen, Dominic P., Fanning, C. Mark, Hemming, Sidney R.Contributors: “...University of Aberdeen.Geology and Geophysics...”
Published in Geosciences (2022)
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666by Liddell, Mitch V., Bastow, Ian, Rawlinson, Nicholas, Darbyshire, Fiona, Gilligan, Amy, Watson, EmmaContributors: “...University of Aberdeen.Geology and Geophysics...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (2018)
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667by Salminen, P. E., Brasier, A. T., Karhu, J. A., Melezhik, V. A.Contributors: “...University of Aberdeen.Geology and Geophysics...”
Published in Precambrian Research (2014)
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668by Nývlt, Daniel, Košler, Jan, Mlčoch, Bedřich, Mixa, Petr, Lisá, Lenka, Bubík, Miroslav, Hendriks, Bart W.H.Contributors: “...Institutional research of the Institute of Geology...”
Published in Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (2011)
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670Contributors: “...maantieteen ja geologian laitos, yhteiset, Department of Geography and Geology...”
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671Contributors: “...maantieteen ja geologian laitos, yhteiset, Department of Geography and Geology...”
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672Contributors: “...maantieteen ja geologian laitos, yhteiset, Department of Geography and Geology...”
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673Contributors: “...maantieteen ja geologian laitos, yhteiset, Department of Geography and Geology...”
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675by Moskalewicz, Damian, Tylmann, Karol, Woźniak, Piotr Paweł, Kopyść, Natalia, Moska, PiotrContributors: “...Department of Geomorphology and Quaternary Geology, University of Gdańsk...”
Published in Geological Quarterly (2020)
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679by Mammarella I, Uotila P, Vesala T, Aurela M, MacIntyre S, Lorke A, Cortes A, Stepanenko V, Vähä A, Kivi R, Lotsari E, Ojala A, Wallin MB, Guseva SContributors: “...maantieteen ja geologian laitos, yhteiset, Department of Geography and Geology...”
Published 2022
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680by Finsinger, Walter, Schoning, K., Hicks, S., Lücke, A., Goslar, T., Wagner-Cremer, F., Hyyppä, H.Contributors: “...Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology...”
Published 2013
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