Geology
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Geology ('' ()|earth||'''' ()|study of, discourse}}) is a branch of natural science concerned with the Earth and other astronomical objects, the rocks of which they are composed, and the processes by which they change over time. Modern geology significantly overlaps all other Earth sciences, including hydrology. It is integrated with Earth system science and planetary science.
Geology describes the structure of the Earth on and beneath its surface and the processes that have shaped that structure. Geologists study the mineralogical composition of rocks in order to get insight into their history of formation. Geology determines the relative ages of rocks found at a given location; geochemistry (a branch of geology) determines their absolute ages. By combining various petrological, crystallographic, and paleontological tools, geologists are able to chronicle the geological history of the Earth as a whole. One aspect is to demonstrate the age of the Earth. Geology provides evidence for plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and the Earth's past climates.
Geologists broadly study the properties and processes of Earth and other terrestrial planets. Geologists use a wide variety of methods to understand the Earth's structure and evolution, including fieldwork, rock description, geophysical techniques, chemical analysis, physical experiments, and numerical modelling. In practical terms, geology is important for mineral and hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation, evaluating water resources, understanding natural hazards, remediating environmental problems, and providing insights into past climate change. Geology is a major academic discipline, and it is central to geological engineering and plays an important role in geotechnical engineering. Provided by Wikipedia
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283by Oxford isotope geology laboratory, Black, L.P., Gale, N.H., Moorbath, S., Pankhurst, R.J., McGregor, V.R.Get access
Published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters (1971)
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286Climatic evolution of the Southern Ocean during the Pliocene epoch from 4.8 to 2.6 million years agoby Department of Geology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A. ( host institution ), Hodell, David A. ( author ), Warnke, Detlef A. ( author )Get access
Published in Quaternary Science Reviews (1991)
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292by Hueter, Alexander, Huck, Stefan, Heimhofer, Ulrich, Bodin, Stéphane, Weyer, Stefan, Jochum, Klaus P., Roebbert, Yvonne, Immenhauser, Adrian, 1Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Geophysics, Sediment and Isotope Geology Ruhr‐University Bochum Bochum 44801 Germany, 2Institute for Geology Leibniz University Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany, 3Department of Geoscience Aarhus University Aarhus 8000 Denmark, 4Institute for Mineralogy Leibniz University Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany, 5Climate Geochemistry Department Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz 55128 GermanyGet access
Published in Lethaia (2020)
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299by British Antarctic Expedition (1907-1909), Benson, William Noël. Contributions to the palæontology and petrology of south Victoria Land., Priestley, Raymond Edward, Sir, 1886- Glaciology, physiography, stratigraphy, and tectonic geology of south Victoria Land., David, T. W. Edgeworth (Tannatt William Edgeworth), Sir, 1858-1934. Glaciology, physiography, stratigraphy, and tectonic geology of south Victoria Land., Shackleton, Ernest Henry, Sir, 1874-1922.Get access
Published 1914
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300by Hosseini Raviz, Seyed Mohammad Reza, Afghah, Massih, Shirazi, Mahnaz Parvaneh Nejad, Department of Geology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: mahnaz402002@yahoo.comGet access
Published 2020
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