Environmental science
![Rachel Carson published her groundbreaking novel, ''Silent Spring'', in 1962, bringing the study of environmental science to the forefront of society.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Rachel-Carson.jpg)
Environmental studies incorporates more of the social sciences for understanding human relationships, perceptions and policies towards the environment. Environmental engineering focuses on design and technology for improving environmental quality in every aspect.
Environmental scientists seek to understand the earth's physical, chemical, biological, and geological processes, and to use that knowledge to understand how issues such as alternative energy systems, pollution control and mitigation, natural resource management, and the effects of global warming and climate change influence and affect the natural systems and processes of earth. Environmental issues almost always include an interaction of physical, chemical, and biological processes. Environmental scientists bring a systems approach to the analysis of environmental problems. Key elements of an effective environmental scientist include the ability to relate space, and time relationships as well as quantitative analysis.
Environmental science came alive as a substantive, active field of scientific investigation in the 1960s and 1970s driven by (a) the need for a multi-disciplinary approach to analyze complex environmental problems, (b) the arrival of substantive environmental laws requiring specific environmental protocols of investigation and (c) the growing public awareness of a need for action in addressing environmental problems. Events that spurred this development included the publication of Rachel Carson's landmark environmental book ''Silent Spring'' along with major environmental issues becoming very public, such as the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill, and the Cuyahoga River of Cleveland, Ohio, "catching fire" (also in 1969), and helped increase the visibility of environmental issues and create this new field of study. Provided by Wikipedia
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5941by Tonnard, Manon, Planquette, Hélène, Bowie, Andrew, R., van Der Merwe, Pier, Gallinari, Morgane, Desprez de Gésincourt, Floriane, Germain, Yoan, Gourain, Arthur, Benetti, Marion, Reverdin, Gilles, Tréguer, Paul, Boutorh, Julia, Cheize, Marie, Lacan, François, Menzel Barraqueta, Jan-Lukas, Pereira-Contreira, Leonardo, Shelley, Rachel, Lherminier, Pascale, Sarthou, GéraldineContributors: “...School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Plymouth (SoGEES)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2020)
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5942by Tonnard, Manon, Planquette, Hélène, Bowie, Andrew, R., van Der Merwe, Pier, Gallinari, Morgane, Desprez de Gésincourt, Floriane, Germain, Yoan, Gourain, Arthur, Benetti, Marion, Reverdin, Gilles, Tréguer, Paul, Boutorh, Julia, Cheize, Marie, Lacan, François, Menzel Barraqueta, Jan-Lukas, Pereira-Contreira, Leonardo, Shelley, Rachel, Lherminier, Pascale, Sarthou, GéraldineContributors: “...School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Plymouth (SoGEES)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2020)
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5943by Tonnard, Manon, Planquette, Hélène, Bowie, Andrew, R., van Der Merwe, Pier, Gallinari, Morgane, Desprez de Gésincourt, Floriane, Germain, Yoan, Gourain, Arthur, Benetti, Marion, Reverdin, Gilles, Tréguer, Paul, Boutorh, Julia, Cheize, Marie, Lacan, François, Menzel Barraqueta, Jan-Lukas, Pereira-Contreira, Leonardo, Shelley, Rachel, Lherminier, Pascale, Sarthou, GéraldineContributors: “...School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Plymouth (SoGEES)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2020)
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5944by Tonnard, Manon, Planquette, Hélène, Bowie, Andrew, R., van Der Merwe, Pier, Gallinari, Morgane, Desprez de Gésincourt, Floriane, Germain, Yoan, Gourain, Arthur, Benetti, Marion, Reverdin, Gilles, Tréguer, Paul, Boutorh, Julia, Cheize, Marie, Lacan, François, Menzel Barraqueta, Jan-Lukas, Pereira-Contreira, Leonardo, Shelley, Rachel, Lherminier, Pascale, Sarthou, GéraldineContributors: “...School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Plymouth (SoGEES)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2020)
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5945by Tonnard, Manon, Planquette, Hélène, Bowie, Andrew, R., van Der Merwe, Pier, Gallinari, Morgane, Desprez de Gésincourt, Floriane, Germain, Yoan, Gourain, Arthur, Benetti, Marion, Reverdin, Gilles, Tréguer, Paul, Boutorh, Julia, Cheize, Marie, Lacan, François, Menzel Barraqueta, Jan-Lukas, Pereira-Contreira, Leonardo, Shelley, Rachel, Lherminier, Pascale, Sarthou, GéraldineContributors: “...School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Plymouth (SoGEES)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2020)
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5946by Steen-Larsen, H. C., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Sjolte, J., Johnsen, S. J., Vinther, M., Breon, Francois-Marie, Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Falourd, S., Fettweis, X., Gallee, H., Jouzel, Jean, Kageyama, M., Lerche, H., Minster, B., Picard, G., Punge, H. J., Risi, C., Salas, D., Schwander, J., Steffen, K., Sveinbjornsdottir, A., Svensson, A., White, J.Contributors: “...Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research (2011)
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5947by Steen-Larsen, H. C., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Sjolte, J., Johnsen, S. J., Vinther, M., Breon, Francois-Marie, Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Falourd, S., Fettweis, X., Gallee, H., Jouzel, Jean, Kageyama, M., Lerche, H., Minster, B., Picard, G., Punge, H. J., Risi, C., Salas, D., Schwander, J., Steffen, K., Sveinbjornsdottir, A., Svensson, A., White, J.Contributors: “...Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research (2011)
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5948by Steen-Larsen, H. C., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Sjolte, J., Johnsen, S. J., Vinther, M., Breon, Francois-Marie, Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Falourd, S., Fettweis, X., Gallee, H., Jouzel, Jean, Kageyama, M., Lerche, H., Minster, B., Picard, G., Punge, H. J., Risi, C., Salas, D., Schwander, J., Steffen, K., Sveinbjornsdottir, A., Svensson, A., White, J.Contributors: “...Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research (2011)
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5949by Steen-Larsen, H. C., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Sjolte, J., Johnsen, S. J., Vinther, M., Breon, Francois-Marie, Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Falourd, S., Fettweis, X., Gallee, H., Jouzel, Jean, Kageyama, M., Lerche, H., Minster, B., Picard, G., Punge, H. J., Risi, C., Salas, D., Schwander, J., Steffen, K., Sveinbjornsdottir, A., Svensson, A., White, J.Contributors: “...Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research (2011)
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5950by Steen-Larsen, H. C., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Sjolte, J., Johnsen, S. J., Vinther, M., Breon, Francois-Marie, Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Falourd, S., Fettweis, X., Gallee, H., Jouzel, Jean, Kageyama, M., Lerche, H., Minster, B., Picard, G., Punge, H. J., Risi, C., Salas, D., Schwander, J., Steffen, K., Sveinbjornsdottir, A., Svensson, A., White, J.Contributors: “...Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research (2011)
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5951by Guillet, Sébastien, Corona, Christophe, Stoffel, Markus, Khodri, Myriam, Lavigne, Franck, Ortega, Pablo, Eckert, Nicolas, Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne, Daux, Valérie, Churakova (sidorova), Olga v., Davi, Nicole, Édouard, Jean-Louis, Zhang, Yong, Luckman, Brian H., Myglan, Vladimir S., Guiot, Joel, Beniston, Martin, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Oppenheimer, CliveContributors: “...Institute for Environmental Sciences Geneva (ISE)...”
Published in Nature Geoscience (2017)
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5952by Guillet, Sébastien, Corona, Christophe, Stoffel, Markus, Khodri, Myriam, Lavigne, Franck, Ortega, Pablo, Eckert, Nicolas, Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne, Daux, Valérie, Churakova (sidorova), Olga v., Davi, Nicole, Édouard, Jean-Louis, Zhang, Yong, Luckman, Brian H., Myglan, Vladimir S., Guiot, Joel, Beniston, Martin, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Oppenheimer, CliveContributors: “...Institute for Environmental Sciences Geneva (ISE)...”
Published in Nature Geoscience (2017)
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5953by Guillet, Sébastien, Corona, Christophe, Stoffel, Markus, Khodri, Myriam, Lavigne, Franck, Ortega, Pablo, Eckert, Nicolas, Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne, Daux, Valérie, Churakova (sidorova), Olga v., Davi, Nicole, Édouard, Jean-Louis, Zhang, Yong, Luckman, Brian H., Myglan, Vladimir S., Guiot, Joel, Beniston, Martin, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Oppenheimer, CliveContributors: “...Institute for Environmental Sciences Geneva (ISE)...”
Published in Nature Geoscience (2017)
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5954by Guillet, Sébastien, Corona, Christophe, Stoffel, Markus, Khodri, Myriam, Lavigne, Franck, Ortega, Pablo, Eckert, Nicolas, Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne, Daux, Valérie, Churakova (sidorova), Olga v., Davi, Nicole, Édouard, Jean-Louis, Zhang, Yong, Luckman, Brian H., Myglan, Vladimir S., Guiot, Joel, Beniston, Martin, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Oppenheimer, CliveContributors: “...Institute for Environmental Sciences Geneva (ISE)...”
Published in Nature Geoscience (2017)
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5955by Guillet, Sébastien, Corona, Christophe, Stoffel, Markus, Khodri, Myriam, Lavigne, Franck, Ortega, Pablo, Eckert, Nicolas, Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne, Daux, Valérie, Churakova (sidorova), Olga v., Davi, Nicole, Édouard, Jean-Louis, Zhang, Yong, Luckman, Brian H., Myglan, Vladimir S., Guiot, Joel, Beniston, Martin, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Oppenheimer, CliveContributors: “...Institute for Environmental Sciences Geneva (ISE)...”
Published in Nature Geoscience (2017)
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5956by Guillet, Sébastien, Corona, Christophe, Stoffel, Markus, Khodri, Myriam, Lavigne, Franck, Ortega, Pablo, Eckert, Nicolas, Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne, Daux, Valérie, Churakova (sidorova), Olga v., Davi, Nicole, Édouard, Jean-Louis, Zhang, Yong, Luckman, Brian H., Myglan, Vladimir S., Guiot, Joel, Beniston, Martin, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Oppenheimer, CliveContributors: “...Institute for Environmental Sciences Geneva (ISE)...”
Published in Nature Geoscience (2017)
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5957by Guillet, Sébastien, Corona, Christophe, Stoffel, Markus, Khodri, Myriam, Lavigne, Franck, Ortega, Pablo, Eckert, Nicolas, Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne, Daux, Valérie, Churakova (sidorova), Olga v., Davi, Nicole, Édouard, Jean-Louis, Zhang, Yong, Luckman, Brian H., Myglan, Vladimir S., Guiot, Joel, Beniston, Martin, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Oppenheimer, CliveContributors: “...Institute for Environmental Sciences Geneva (ISE)...”
Published in Nature Geoscience (2017)
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5958by Guillet, Sébastien, Corona, Christophe, Stoffel, Markus, Khodri, Myriam, Lavigne, Franck, Ortega, Pablo, Eckert, Nicolas, Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne, Daux, Valérie, Churakova (sidorova), Olga v., Davi, Nicole, Édouard, Jean-Louis, Zhang, Yong, Luckman, Brian H., Myglan, Vladimir S., Guiot, Joel, Beniston, Martin, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Oppenheimer, CliveContributors: “...Institute for Environmental Sciences Geneva (ISE)...”
Published in Nature Geoscience (2017)
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5959by Guillet, Sébastien, Corona, Christophe, Stoffel, Markus, Khodri, Myriam, Lavigne, Franck, Ortega, Pablo, Eckert, Nicolas, Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne, Daux, Valérie, Churakova (sidorova), Olga v., Davi, Nicole, Édouard, Jean-Louis, Zhang, Yong, Luckman, Brian H., Myglan, Vladimir S., Guiot, Joel, Beniston, Martin, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Oppenheimer, CliveContributors: “...Institute for Environmental Sciences Geneva (ISE)...”
Published in Nature Geoscience (2017)
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5960by Guillet, Sébastien, Corona, Christophe, Stoffel, Markus, Khodri, Myriam, Lavigne, Franck, Ortega, Pablo, Eckert, Nicolas, Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne, Daux, Valérie, Churakova (sidorova), Olga v., Davi, Nicole, Édouard, Jean-Louis, Zhang, Yong, Luckman, Brian H., Myglan, Vladimir S., Guiot, Joel, Beniston, Martin, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Oppenheimer, CliveContributors: “...Institute for Environmental Sciences Geneva (ISE)...”
Published in Nature Geoscience (2017)
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