Environmental science
![Rachel Carson published her groundbreaking novel, ''Silent Spring'', in 1962, bringing the study of environmental science to the forefront of society.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Rachel-Carson.jpg)
Environmental studies incorporates more of the social sciences for understanding human relationships, perceptions and policies towards the environment. Environmental engineering focuses on design and technology for improving environmental quality in every aspect.
Environmental scientists seek to understand the earth's physical, chemical, biological, and geological processes, and to use that knowledge to understand how issues such as alternative energy systems, pollution control and mitigation, natural resource management, and the effects of global warming and climate change influence and affect the natural systems and processes of earth. Environmental issues almost always include an interaction of physical, chemical, and biological processes. Environmental scientists bring a systems approach to the analysis of environmental problems. Key elements of an effective environmental scientist include the ability to relate space, and time relationships as well as quantitative analysis.
Environmental science came alive as a substantive, active field of scientific investigation in the 1960s and 1970s driven by (a) the need for a multi-disciplinary approach to analyze complex environmental problems, (b) the arrival of substantive environmental laws requiring specific environmental protocols of investigation and (c) the growing public awareness of a need for action in addressing environmental problems. Events that spurred this development included the publication of Rachel Carson's landmark environmental book ''Silent Spring'' along with major environmental issues becoming very public, such as the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill, and the Cuyahoga River of Cleveland, Ohio, "catching fire" (also in 1969), and helped increase the visibility of environmental issues and create this new field of study. Provided by Wikipedia
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261by Villani, Maëlle, Mauclet, Elisabeth, Agnan, Yannick, Edward A. G. Schuur, Opfergelt, SophieContributors: “...UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences...”
Published 2021
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262by Mauclet, Elisabeth, Agnan, Yannick, Hirst, Catherine, Monhonval, Arthur, Pereira, Benoît, Vandeuren, Aubry, Villani, Maëlle, Ledman, Justin, Taylor, Meghan, Jasinski, Brianna, Schuur, Edward, Opfergelt, SophieContributors: “...UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences...”
Published 2021
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263by Fouche, Julien, Shakil, Sarah, Hirst, Catherine, Bröder, Lisa, Agnan, Yannick, Sjöberg, Ylva, Bouchard, Frédéric, EGU General Assembly 2021Contributors: “...UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences...”
Published 2021
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264Contributors: “...Biological and Environmental Sciences...”
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265by Irving, Andrew D.Contributors: “...School of Earth and Environmental Sciences : Environmental Biology...”
Published 2005
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266by Leung, Andrew Chi WaiContributors: “...Physical and Environmental Sciences...”
Published 2019
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267
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268by Xia, Zhao-JunContributors: “...Earth and Environmental Sciences...”
Published 2011
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269Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. Earth and Environmental Sciences...”
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270by Henehan, Michael J., Evans, David, Shankle, Madison, Burke, Janet E., Foster, Gavin L., Anagnostou, Eleni, Chalk, Thomas B., Stewart, Joseph A., Alt, Claudia H. S., Durrant, Joseph, Hull, Pincelli M.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. Earth and Environmental Sciences...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2017)
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271by Burdett, Heidi L., Donohue, Penelope J. C., Hatton, Angela D., Alwany, Magdy A., Kamenos, Nicholas A.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. Earth and Environmental Sciences...”
Published in PLoS ONE (2013)
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272by Kamenos, N A, Burdett, Heidi, Aloisio, E, Findlay, H S, Martin, S, Longbone, C, Dunn, J, Widdicombe, S, Calosi, PContributors: “...University of St Andrews. Earth and Environmental Sciences...”
Published in Global Change Biology (2013)
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273by Brodie, Juliet, Williamson, Christopher J., Smale, Dan A., Kamenos, Nicholas A., Mieszkowska, Nova, Santos, Rui, Cunliffe, Michael, Steinke, Michael, Yesson, Christopher, Anderson, Kathryn M., Asnaghi, Valentina, Brownlee, Colin, Burdett, Heidi L., Burrows, Michael T., Collins, Sinead, Donohue, Penelope J. C., Harvey, Ben, Foggo, Andrew, Noisette, Fanny, Nunes, Joana, Ragazzola, Federica, Raven, John A., Schmidt, Daniela N., Suggett, David, Teichberg, Mirta, Hall-Spencer, Jason M.Contributors: “...University of St Andrews. Earth and Environmental Sciences...”
Published in Ecology and Evolution (2014)
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274by Olli, Kalle, Ptacnik, Robert, Klais, Riina, Tamminen, TimoContributors: “...Centre for Limnology. Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences...”
Published in The American Naturalist (2019)
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275by Rohtla, Mehis, Silm, Maidu, Tulonen, Jouni, Paiste, Päärn, Wickström, Hakan, Kielman-Schmitt, Melanie, Kooijman, Ellen, Vaino, Väino, Eschbaum, Redik, Saks, Lauri, Verliin, Aare, Vetemaa, MarkusContributors: “...Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Limnology...”
Published in ICES Journal of Marine Science (2021)
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276by Zingel, Priit, Cremona, Fabien, Nõges, Tiina, Cao, Yu, Neif, Érika M., Coppens, Jan, Işkın, Uğur, Lauridsen, Torben, Davidson, Thomas A., Søndergaard, Martin, Beklioglu, Meryem, Jeppesen, ErikContributors: “...Centre for Limnology. Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences...”
Published in European Journal of Protistology (2018)
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277by Thomas, H. J. D., Bjorkman, A. D., Myers-Smith, I. H., Elmendorf, S. C., Kattge, J., Diaz, S., Vellend, M., Blok, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Forbes, B. C., Henry, G. H. R., Hollister, R. D., Normand, S., Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Schaepman-Strub, G., Wilmking, M., Wipf, S., Cornwell, W. K., Beck, P. S. A., Georges, D., Goetz, S. J., Guay, K. C., Rüger, N., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Spasojevic, M. J., Alatalo, J. M., Alexander, H. D., Anadon-Rosell, A., Angers-Blondin, S., te Beest, M., Berner, L. T., Björk, R. G., Buchwal, A., Buras, A., Carbognani, M., Christie, K. S., Collier, L. S., Cooper, E. J., Elberling, B., Eskelinen, A., Frei, E. R., Grau, O., Grogan, P., Hallinger, M., Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Hermanutz, L., Hudson, J. M. G., Johnstone, J. F., Hülber, K., Iturrate-Garcia, M., Iversen, C. M., Jaroszynska, F., Kaarlejarvi, E., Kulonen, A., Lamarque, L. J., Lantz, T. C., Lévesque, E., Little, C. J., Michelsen, A., Milbau, A., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Nielsen, S. S., Ninot, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Olofsson, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Petraglia, A., Rumpf, S. B., Shetti, R., Speed, J. D. M., Suding, K. N., Tape, K. D., Tomaselli, M., Trant, A. J., Treier, U. A., Tremblay, M., Venn, S. E., Vowles, T., Weijers, S., Wookey, P. A., Zamin, T. J., Bahn, M., Blonder, B., van Bodegom, P. M., Bond-Lamberty, B., Campetella, G., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Chapin, F. S., Craine, J. M., Dainese, M., Green, W. A., Jansen, S., Kleyer, M., Manning, P., Niinemets, Ü., Onoda, Y., Ozinga, W. A., Peñuelas, J., Poschlod, P., Reich, P. B., Sandel, B., Schamp, B. S., Sheremetiev, S. N., de Vries, F. T.Contributors: “...Environmental Sciences...”
Published 2020
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278by Thomas, H. J. D., Myers-Smith, I. H., Bjorkman, A. D., Elmendorf, S. C., Blok, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Forbes, B. C., Hollister, R. D., Normand, S., Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Schaepman-Strub, G., Wilmking, M., Wipf, S., Cornwell, W. K., Kattge, J., Goetz, S. J., Guay, K. C., Alatalo, J. M., Anadon-Rosell, A., Angers-Blondin, S., Berner, L. T., Björk, R. G., Buchwal, A., Buras, A., Carbognani, M., Christie, K., Siegwart Collier, L., Cooper, E. J., Eskelinen, A., Frei, E. R., Grau, O., Grogan, P., Hallinger, M., Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Hermanutz, L., Hudson, J. M. G., Hülber, K., Iturrate-Garcia, M., Iversen, C. M., Jaroszynska, F., Johnstone, J. F., Kaarlejärvi, E., Kulonen, A., Lamarque, L. J., Lévesque, E., Little, C. J., Michelsen, A., Milbau, A., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Nielsen, S. S., Ninot, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Olofsson, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Petraglia, A., Rumpf, S. B., Semenchuk, P. R., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Spasojevic, M. J., Speed, J. D. M., Tape, K. D., te Beest, M., Tomaselli, M., Trant, A., Treier, U. A., Venn, S., Vowles, T., Weijers, S., Zamin, T., Atkin, O. K., Bahn, M., Blonder, B., Campetella, G., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Chapin III, F. S., Dainese, M., de Vries, F. T., Díaz, S., Green, W., Jackson, R. B., Manning, P., Niinemets, Ü., Ozinga, W. A., Peñuelas, J., Reich, P. B., Schamp, B., Sheremetev, S., van Bodegom, P. M.Contributors: “...Environmental Sciences...”
Published 2019
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279by Kuijper, D.P.J., Verwijmeren, M., Churski, M., Zbyryt, A., Schmidt, K., Jedrzejewska, B., Smit, C.Contributors: “...Environmental Sciences...”
Published 2014
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280by Lindén, Elin, te Beest, Mariska, Abreu, Ilka N., Moritz, Thomas, Sundqvist, Maja K., Barrio, Isabel C., Boike, Julia, Bryant, John P., Bråthen, Kari Anne, Buchwal, Agata, Bueno, C. Guillermo, Cuerrier, Alain, Egelkraut, Dagmar D., Forbes, Bruce C., Hallinger, Martin, Heijmans, Monique, Hermanutz, Luise, Hik, David S., Hofgaard, Annika, Holmgren, Milena, Huebner, Diane C., Høye, Toke T., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., Kaarlejärvi, Elina, Kissler, Emilie, Kumpula, Timo, Limpens, Juul, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Normand, Signe, Post, Eric, Rocha, Adrian V., Schmidt, Niels Martin, Skarin, Anna, Soininen, Eeva M., Sokolov, Aleksandr, Sokolova, Natalia, Speed, James D. M., Street, Lorna, Tananaev, Nikita, Tremblay, Jean-Pierre, Urbanowicz, Christine, Watts, David A., Zimmermann, Heike, Olofsson, JohanContributors: “...Environmental Sciences...”
Published 2022
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