Australia
![[[Aboriginal rock art](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Bradshaw_rock_paintings.jpg)
The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south-east Asia 50,000 to 65,000 years ago, during the last glacial period. They settled the continent and had formed approximately 250 distinct language groups by the time of European settlement, maintaining some of the longest known continuing artistic and religious traditions in the world. Australia's written history commenced with European maritime exploration. The Dutch were the first known Europeans to reach Australia, in 1606. British colonisation began in 1788 with the establishment of the penal colony of New South Wales. By the mid-19th century, most of the continent had been explored by European settlers and five additional self-governing British colonies were established, each gaining responsible government by 1890. The colonies federated in 1901, forming the Commonwealth of Australia. This continued a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom, highlighted by the ''Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1942'', and culminating in the Australia Acts of 1986.
Australia is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy comprising six states and ten territories: the states of New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, Tasmania, South Australia and Western Australia; the major mainland Australian Capital Territory and Northern Territory; and other minor or external territories. Its population of nearly / 1000000 round 0}} million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard. Canberra is the nation's capital, while its most populous cities are Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide, which each possess a population of at least one million inhabitants. Australian governments have promoted multiculturalism since the 1970s. Australia is culturally diverse and has one of the highest foreign-born populations in the world. Its abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade relations are crucial to the country's economy, which generates its income from various sources: predominantly services (including banking, real estate and international education) as well as mining, manufacturing and agriculture. It ranks highly for quality of life, health, education, economic freedom, civil liberties and political rights.
Australia has a highly developed market economy and one of the highest per capita incomes globally. It is a middle power, and has the world's thirteenth-highest military expenditure. It is a member of international groups including the United Nations; the G20; the OECD; the World Trade Organization; Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation; the Pacific Islands Forum; the Pacific Community; the Commonwealth of Nations; and the defence and security organisations ANZUS, AUKUS, and the Five Eyes. It is also a major non-NATO ally of the United States. Provided by Wikipedia
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201by McLeod, I. R., 1931-, Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and GeophysicsContributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1965
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202by Offe, L. A. (Lyall Anthony), Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and GeophysicsContributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1977
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203by McLeod, I. R., 1931-, Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and GeophysicsContributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1970
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204by Offe, L. A. (Lyall Anthony), Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and GeophysicsContributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1975
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205by McLeod, I. R., 1931-, Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and GeophysicsContributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1970
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206by McLeod, I. R., 1931-, Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and GeophysicsContributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1958
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207by McLeod, I. R., 1931-, Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and GeophysicsContributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1958
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208by McLeod, I. R., 1931-, Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and GeophysicsContributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1960
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209by McLeod, I. R., 1931-, Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and GeophysicsContributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1958
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210by McLeod, I. R., 1931-, Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and GeophysicsContributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1965
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211by McLeod, I. R., 1931-, Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and GeophysicsContributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1961
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212by Grainger, D. J. (David John), Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics.Contributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1969
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213by Langworthy, A. P. (Alan P.), Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics.Contributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1974
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214by Grainger, D. J. (David John), Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics.Contributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1970
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215by Grainger, D. J. (David John), Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics.Contributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1969
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216by Dodson, R. G. (Richard Gurth), 1926-, Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics.Contributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1971
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219by Grainger, D. J. (David John), Australia. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics.Contributors: “...Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)...”
Published 1970
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