Canada
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Indigenous peoples have continuously inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years. Beginning in the 16th century, British and French expeditions explored and later settled along the Atlantic coast. As a consequence of various armed conflicts, France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom, highlighted by the ''Statute of Westminster, 1931'', and culminating in the ''Canada Act 1982'', which severed the vestiges of legal dependence on the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
Canada is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy in the Westminster tradition. The country's head of government is the prime minister, who holds office by virtue of their ability to command the confidence of the elected House of Commons and is appointed by the governor general, representing the monarch of Canada, the ceremonial head of state. The country is a Commonwealth realm and is officially bilingual (English and French) in the federal jurisdiction. It is very highly ranked in international measurements of government transparency, quality of life, economic competitiveness, innovation, education and gender equality. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration. Canada's long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its history, economy, and culture.
A developed country, Canada has a high nominal per capita income globally and its advanced economy ranks among the largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade networks. Recognized as a middle power, Canada's strong support for multilateralism and internationalism has been closely related to its foreign relations policies of peacekeeping and aid for developing countries. Canada is part of multiple international organizations and forums. Provided by Wikipedia
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12541by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada...”
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12542by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada...”
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12543by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada...”
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12544by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada...”
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12545by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada...”
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12546by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada...”
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12547by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada...”
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12548by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada...”
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12549by Grenier, Christophe, Costard, F., Anbergen, Hauke, Bense, Victor, F., Chanzy, Quentin, Coon, Ethan, Collier, Nathaniel, Ferry, Michel, Frampton, Andrew, Frederick, Jennifer, Goncalves, Julio, Holmén, Johann, Jost, Anne, Kokh, Samuel, Kurylyk, Barret, Mckenzie, Jeffrey, Molson, John, Mouche, Emmanuel, Orgogozo, Laurent, Pannetier, Romain, Pohl, Eric, Rivière, Agnès, Rühaak, Wolfram, Scheidegger, Johanna, Selroos, Jan-Olof, Therrien, Rene, Vidstrand, Patrik, Voss, Clifford, IContributors: “...McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada...”
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12550by Le Quéré, Corinne, Buitenhuis, Erik T., Moriarty, Róisín, Alvain, Séverine, Aumont, Olivier, Bopp, Laurent, Chollet, Sophie, Enright, Clare, Franklin, Daniel J., Geider, Richard J., Harrison, Sandy P., Hirst, Andrew G., Larsen, Stuart, Legendre, Louis, Platt, Trevor, Prentice, Ian C., Rivkin, Richard B., Sailley, Sévrine, Sathyendranath, Shubha, Stephens, Nick, Vogt, Meike, Vallina, Sergio M.Contributors: “...Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve St. John's, Canada (MUN)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2016)
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12551by Le Quéré, Corinne, Buitenhuis, Erik T., Moriarty, Róisín, Alvain, Séverine, Aumont, Olivier, Bopp, Laurent, Chollet, Sophie, Enright, Clare, Franklin, Daniel J., Geider, Richard J., Harrison, Sandy P., Hirst, Andrew G., Larsen, Stuart, Legendre, Louis, Platt, Trevor, Prentice, Ian C., Rivkin, Richard B., Sailley, Sévrine, Sathyendranath, Shubha, Stephens, Nick, Vogt, Meike, Vallina, Sergio M.Contributors: “...Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve St. John's, Canada (MUN)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2016)
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12552by Le Quéré, Corinne, Buitenhuis, Erik T., Moriarty, Róisín, Alvain, Séverine, Aumont, Olivier, Bopp, Laurent, Chollet, Sophie, Enright, Clare, Franklin, Daniel J., Geider, Richard J., Harrison, Sandy P., Hirst, Andrew G., Larsen, Stuart, Legendre, Louis, Platt, Trevor, Prentice, Ian C., Rivkin, Richard B., Sailley, Sévrine, Sathyendranath, Shubha, Stephens, Nick, Vogt, Meike, Vallina, Sergio M.Contributors: “...Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve St. John's, Canada (MUN)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2016)
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12553by Le Quéré, Corinne, Buitenhuis, Erik T., Moriarty, Róisín, Alvain, Séverine, Aumont, Olivier, Bopp, Laurent, Chollet, Sophie, Enright, Clare, Franklin, Daniel J., Geider, Richard J., Harrison, Sandy P., Hirst, Andrew G., Larsen, Stuart, Legendre, Louis, Platt, Trevor, Prentice, Ian C., Rivkin, Richard B., Sailley, Sévrine, Sathyendranath, Shubha, Stephens, Nick, Vogt, Meike, Vallina, Sergio M.Contributors: “...Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve St. John's, Canada (MUN)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2016)
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12554by Le Quéré, Corinne, Buitenhuis, Erik T., Moriarty, Róisín, Alvain, Séverine, Aumont, Olivier, Bopp, Laurent, Chollet, Sophie, Enright, Clare, Franklin, Daniel J., Geider, Richard J., Harrison, Sandy P., Hirst, Andrew G., Larsen, Stuart, Legendre, Louis, Platt, Trevor, Prentice, Ian C., Rivkin, Richard B., Sailley, Sévrine, Sathyendranath, Shubha, Stephens, Nick, Vogt, Meike, Vallina, Sergio M.Contributors: “...Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve St. John's, Canada (MUN)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2016)
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12555by Le Quéré, Corinne, Buitenhuis, Erik T., Moriarty, Róisín, Alvain, Séverine, Aumont, Olivier, Bopp, Laurent, Chollet, Sophie, Enright, Clare, Franklin, Daniel J., Geider, Richard J., Harrison, Sandy P., Hirst, Andrew G., Larsen, Stuart, Legendre, Louis, Platt, Trevor, Prentice, Ian C., Rivkin, Richard B., Sailley, Sévrine, Sathyendranath, Shubha, Stephens, Nick, Vogt, Meike, Vallina, Sergio M.Contributors: “...Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve St. John's, Canada (MUN)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2016)
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12556by Le Quéré, Corinne, Buitenhuis, Erik T., Moriarty, Róisín, Alvain, Séverine, Aumont, Olivier, Bopp, Laurent, Chollet, Sophie, Enright, Clare, Franklin, Daniel J., Geider, Richard J., Harrison, Sandy P., Hirst, Andrew G., Larsen, Stuart, Legendre, Louis, Platt, Trevor, Prentice, Ian C., Rivkin, Richard B., Sailley, Sévrine, Sathyendranath, Shubha, Stephens, Nick, Vogt, Meike, Vallina, Sergio M.Contributors: “...Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve St. John's, Canada (MUN)...”
Published in Biogeosciences (2016)
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12557by Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Swingedouw, Didier, Landais, Amaelle, Seidenkrantz, Marit-Solveig, Gauthier, Emilie, Bichet, Vincent, Massa, Charly, Perren, Bianca, Jomelli, Vincent, Adalgeirsdottir, Gudfinna, Hesselbjerg Christensen, Jens, Arneborg, Jette, Bhatt, Uma, Walker, Donald, Elberling, Bo, Gillet-Chaulet, Fabien, Ritz, Catherine, Gallée, Hubert, van den Broeke, Michiel, Fettweis, Xavier, de Vernal, Anne, Vinther, BoContributors: “...École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada...”
Published in Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change (2012)
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12558by Pénaud, Aurélie, Ganne, Axelle, Eynaud, Frédérique, Lambert, Clément, Coste, Pierre-Olivier, Herlédan, Maïwen, Vidal, Muriel, Goslin, Jérôme, Stéphan, Pierre, Charria, Guillaume, Pailler, Y., Durand, Mathieu, Zumaque, Jena, Mojtahid, MeryemContributors: “...Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada -École...”
Published in Quaternary Science Reviews (2020)
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12559by Marusczak, N., Larose, C., Dommergue, A., Paquet, S., Beaulne, J., Maury-Brachet, R., Lucotte, M., Nedjai, R., Ferrari, C. P.Contributors: “...Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada -École...”
Published in Science of The Total Environment (2011)
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12560by Massicotte, Philippe, Amiraux, Rémi, Amyot, Marie-Pier, Archambault, Philippe, Ardyna, Mathieu, Arnaud, Laurent, Artigue, Lise, Aubry, Cyril, Ayotte, Pierre, Bécu, Guislain, Bélanger, Simon, Benner, Ronald, Bittig, Henry, Bricaud, Annick, Brossier, Éric, Bruyant, Flavienne, Chauvaud, Laurent, Christiansen-Stowe, Debra, Claustre, Hervé, Cornet, Veronique, Coupel, Pierre, Cox, Christine, Delaforge, Aurelie, Dezutter, Thibaud, Dimier, Céline, Dominé, Florent, Dufour, Francis, Dufresne, Christiane, Dumont, Dany, Ehn, Jens, Else, Brent G.T., Ferland, Joannie, Forget, Marie-Hélène, Fortier, Louis, Gali, Marti, Galindo, Virginie, Gallinari, Morgane, Garcia, Nicole, Gérikas-Ribeiro, Catherine, Gourdal, Margaux, Gourvil, Priscilla, Goyens, Clémence, Grondin, Pierre-Luc, Guillot, Pascal, Guilmette, Caroline, Houssais, Marie-Noëlle, Joux, Fabien, Lacour, Leo, Lacour, Thomas, Lafond, AugustinContributors: “...Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec Canada (INSPQ)...”
Published in Earth System Science Data (2020)
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