Beijing
| l = "Northern Capital" | p = Běijīng | psp = PekingPeiping (1368–1403;
1928–1937; 1945–1949) | w = Pei3-ching1 | mi = | bpmf = ㄅㄟˇ ㄐㄧㄥ | gr = Beeijing | j = bak1 ging1 | y = Bākgīng | ci = | suz = Poh-cin | poj = Pak-kiaⁿ | tl = Pak-kiann | buc = Báe̤k-gĭng | h = Bet5-gin1 | showflag = p | t = | s = | altname = | tp = Běijing }}
Beijing, , ; }} previously romanized as Peking, ( ),}} is the capital of China. With more than 22 million residents, it is the world's most populous national capital city as well as China's second largest city after Shanghai. It is located in Northern China, and is governed as a municipality under the direct administration of the State Council with 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts. Beijing is mostly surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighboring Tianjin to the southeast; together, the three divisions form the Jingjinji megalopolis and the national capital region of China.
Beijing is a global city and one of the world's leading centres for culture, diplomacy, politics, finance, business and economics, education, research, language, tourism, media, sport, science and technology and transportation and art. It is home to the headquarters of most of China's largest state-owned companies and houses the largest number of Fortune Global 500 companies in the world, as well as the world's four biggest financial institutions by total assets. It is also a major hub for the national highway, expressway, railway, and high-speed rail networks. For a decade before the COVID-19 pandemic, the Beijing Capital International Airport was Asia's busiest airport (2009–2019) and the second busiest airport in the world (2010–2019). In 2020, the Beijing subway was the fourth busiest and second longest in the world. The Beijing Daxing International Airport, Beijing's second international airport, is the largest single-structure airport terminal in the world. The city has hosted numerous international and national sporting events, the most notable being the 2008 Summer Olympics and 2008 Summer Paralympics Games. In 2022, Beijing became the first city ever to host both the Summer and Winter Olympics, and also the Summer and Winter Paralympics.
Beijing combines both modern and traditional style architectures, with one side of the city being modernized and renovated to fit the times, and the other half still offering traditional hutong districts. Beijing is one of the oldest cities in the world, with a rich history dating back over three millennia. As the last of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, Beijing has been the political center of the country for most of the past eight centuries, and was the largest city in the world by population for much of the second millennium CE. With mountains surrounding the inland city on three sides, in addition to the old inner and outer city walls, Beijing was strategically poised and developed to be the residence of the emperor and thus was the perfect location for the imperial capital. The city is renowned for its opulent palaces, temples, parks, gardens, tombs, walls and gates. Beijing is one of the most important tourist destinations of the world. In 2018, Beijing was the second highest earning tourist city in the world after Shanghai. Beijing is home to many national monuments and museums and has eight UNESCO World Heritage Sites—the Forbidden City, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Ming Tombs, Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site, Beijing Central Axis and parts of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal—all of which are popular tourist locations. Siheyuans, the city's traditional housing style, and hutongs, the narrow alleys between siheyuans, are major tourist attractions and are common in urban Beijing.
Beijing's public universities make up more than one-fifth of Double First-Class Construction universities, and many of them consistently rank among the best in the Asia-Pacific and the world. Beijing is home to universities including Tsinghua University and Peking University. Beijing CBD is a center for Beijing's economic expansion, with the ongoing or recently completed construction of multiple skyscrapers. Beijing's Zhongguancun area is a world leading center of scientific and technological innovation as well as entrepreneurship. Beijing has been ranked the city with the largest scientific research output by the Nature Index since the list's inception in 2016. Beijing hosts 175 foreign embassies as well as the headquarters of many organizations, including the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Silk Road Fund, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the Central Academy of Fine Arts, the Central Academy of Drama, the Central Conservatory of Music, and the Red Cross Society of China. Provided by Wikipedia
-
521
-
522by Li, BH, Wang, JL, Huang, BQ, Li, QY, Jian, ZM, Zhao, QH, Su, X, Wang, PXContributors: “...Peking Univ, Dept Geog, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China....”
Published in Paleoceanography (2004)
Get access
Get access
Journal/Newspaper -
523by Du, Xiaochen, Bayliss, Sion C, Feil, Edward J, Liu, Ying, Wang, Chao, Zhang, Gang, Zhou, Dongsheng, Wei, Dawei, Tang, Na, Leclercq, Sébastien, Feng, JieContributors: “...Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology...”
Published in Environmental Microbiology (2019)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
524by Du, Xiaochen, Bayliss, Sion C, Feil, Edward J, Liu, Ying, Wang, Chao, Zhang, Gang, Zhou, Dongsheng, Wei, Dawei, Tang, Na, Leclercq, Sébastien, Feng, JieContributors: “...Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology...”
Published in Environmental Microbiology (2019)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
525by Wang, Xuhui, Piao, Shilong, Ciais, Philippe, Friedlingstein, Pierre, Myneni, Ranga B., Cox, Peter, Heimann, Martin, Miller, John, Peng, Shushi, Wang, Tao, Yang, Hui, Chen, AnpingContributors: “..., Beijing 100871, Peoples R China....”
Published in Nature (2014)
Get access
Get access
Journal/Newspaper -
526by Hu, Jianying, Zhang, Zhaobin, Wei, Qiwei, Zhen, Huajun, Zhao, Yanbin, Peng, Hui, Wan, Yi, Giesy, John P., Li, Luoxin, Zhang, BoContributors: “...Hu, JY (reprint author), Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China....”
Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2009)
Get access
Get access
Journal/Newspaper -
527by Goedert, Jean, Lécuyer, Christophe, Amiot, Romain, Arnaud-Godet, Florent, Wang, Xu, Cui, Linlin, Cuny, Gilles, Douay, Guillaume, Fourel, François, Panczer, Gérard, Simon, Laurent, Steyer, J.-Sébastien, Zhu, MinContributors: “...Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Beijing...”
Published in Nature (2018)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
528by Goedert, Jean, Lécuyer, Christophe, Amiot, Romain, Arnaud-Godet, Florent, Wang, Xu, Cui, Linlin, Cuny, Gilles, Douay, Guillaume, Fourel, François, Panczer, Gérard, Simon, Laurent, Steyer, J.-Sébastien, Zhu, MinContributors: “...Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Beijing...”
Published in Nature (2018)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
529by Goedert, Jean, Lécuyer, Christophe, Amiot, Romain, Arnaud-Godet, Florent, Wang, Xu, Cui, Linlin, Cuny, Gilles, Douay, Guillaume, Fourel, François, Panczer, Gérard, Simon, Laurent, Steyer, J.-Sébastien, Zhu, MinContributors: “...Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Beijing...”
Published in Nature (2018)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
530by Goedert, Jean, Lécuyer, Christophe, Amiot, Romain, Arnaud-Godet, Florent, Wang, Xu, Cui, Linlin, Cuny, Gilles, Douay, Guillaume, Fourel, François, Panczer, Gérard, Simon, Laurent, Steyer, J.-Sébastien, Zhu, MinContributors: “...Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Beijing...”
Published in Nature (2018)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
531by Goedert, Jean, Lécuyer, Christophe, Amiot, Romain, Arnaud-Godet, Florent, Wang, Xu, Cui, Linlin, Cuny, Gilles, Douay, Guillaume, Fourel, François, Panczer, Gérard, Simon, Laurent, Steyer, J.-Sébastien, Zhu, MinContributors: “...Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Beijing...”
Published in Nature (2018)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
532by Xie, Tiejun, Wang, Ji, Gao, Hui, Zhao, Liang, Liu, Yanju, Sun, LinhaiContributors: “...the Science and Technology Project of Beijing Meteorological Bureau...”
Published in Environmental Research Letters (2023)
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
533by Yu, Fan, Qi, Jilin, Lai, Yuanming, Sivasithamparam, Nallathamby, Yao, Xiaoliang, Zhang, Mingyi, Liu, Yongzhi, Wu, GuilongContributors: “...Importation and Development of High-Caliber Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Institutions...”
Published in Engineering Geology (2016)
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
534by Xu, Cheng, Chakhmouradian, Anton R., Taylor, Rex N., Kynicky, Jindrich, Li, Wenbo, Song, Wenlei, Fletcher, Ian R.Contributors: “..., Beijing, Peoples R China....”
Published in Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (2014)
Get access
Get access
Journal/Newspaper -
535by Yang, Yiping, Xiang, Rong, Liu, Jianguo, Fu, Shaoying, Zhou, Liping, Du, Shuhuan, Lu, HonghongContributors: “...Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China....”
Published in Journal of Quaternary Science (2017)
Get access
Get access
Journal/Newspaper -
536by Bosch, Anna, Doerfer, Corina, He, Jin-Sheng, Schmidt, Karsten, Scholten, ThomasContributors: “...Peking Univ, Dept Ecol, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China....”
Published in Pedobiologia (2016)
Get access
Get access
Journal/Newspaper -
537by Liu, Yongwen, Piao, Shilong, Lian, Xu, Ciais, Philippe, Smith, W. KolbyContributors: “... University, Beijing, China...”
Published in Journal of Climate (2017)
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
538Contributors: “... Disasters, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China....”
Get access
Get access
Journal/Newspaper -
539by Chen, Yuchuan, Gong, Jing, Shi, Bohui, Yao, Haiyuan, Liu, Yang, Fu, Shunkang, Song, Shangfei, Lv, Xiaofang, Wu, Haihao, Lou, XiaContributors: “...Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation...”
Published in Fuel (2020)
Get access
Get access
Get access
Article in Journal/Newspaper -
540by Jing, Xin, Wang, Yonghui, Chung, Haegeun, Mi, Zhaorong, Wang, Shiping, Zeng, Hui, He, Jin-ShengContributors: “...Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Dept Ecol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China....”
Published in Biogeochemistry (2014)
Get access
Get access
Journal/Newspaper