Arctic
The Arctic ( or ) sound, but the pronunciation with the k sound is nowadays very common. The "c" was added to the spelling for etymological reasons and then began to be pronounced.|group="Note"}} is a polar region located at the northernmost part of Earth. The Arctic region, from the IERS Reference Meridian travelling east, consists of parts of northern Norway (Nordland, Troms, Finnmark, Svalbard and Jan Mayen), northernmost Sweden (Västerbotten, Norrbotten and Lappland), northern Finland (North Ostrobothnia, Kainuu and Lappi), Russia (Murmansk, Siberia, Nenets Okrug, Novaya Zemlya), the United States (Alaska), Canada (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), Danish Realm (Greenland), and northern Iceland (Grímsey and Kolbeinsey), along with the Arctic Ocean and adjacent seas. Land within the Arctic region has seasonally varying snow and ice cover, with predominantly treeless permafrost under the tundra. Arctic seas contain seasonal sea ice in many places.The Arctic region is a unique area among Earth's ecosystems. The cultures in the region and the Arctic indigenous peoples have adapted to its cold and extreme conditions. Life in the Arctic includes zooplankton and phytoplankton, fish and marine mammals, birds, land animals, plants and human societies. Arctic land is bordered by the subarctic. Provided by Wikipedia
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8701by Marshall, Lauren, Schmidt, Anja, Toohey, Matthew, Carslaw, Ken S., Mann, Graham W., Sigl, Michael, Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, Claudia, Zanchettin, Davide, Ball, William T., Bekki, Slimane, Brooke, James S. A., Dhomse, Sandip S., Johnson, Colin, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, LeGrande, Allegra N., Mills, Michael J., Niemeier, Ulrike, Pope, James O., Poulain, Virginie, Robock, Alan, Rozanov, Eugene, Stenke, Andrea, Sukhodolov, Timofei, Tilmes, Simone, Tsigaridis, Kostas, Tummon, FionaContributors: “...The Arctic University of Norway (UiT)...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2018)
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8702by Petrenko, V., Martinerie, Patricia, Novelli, P., Etheridge, D. M., Levin, I., Wang, Z., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, Jérôme, Kaiser, J., Lang, P., Steele, L.P., Hammer, S., Mak, J. E., Langenfelds, R. L., Schwander, J., Severinghaus, J., Witrant, Emmanuel, Petron, G., Battle, M., Forster, G., Sturges, W. T., Lamarque, J.-F., Steffen, K., White, J. W. C.Contributors: “...Institute of Arctic Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder (INSTAAR)...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2013)
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8703by Petrenko, V., Martinerie, Patricia, Novelli, P., Etheridge, D. M., Levin, I., Wang, Z., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, Jérôme, Kaiser, J., Lang, P., Steele, L.P., Hammer, S., Mak, J. E., Langenfelds, R. L., Schwander, J., Severinghaus, J., Witrant, Emmanuel, Petron, G., Battle, M., Forster, G., Sturges, W. T., Lamarque, J.-F., Steffen, K., White, J. W. C.Contributors: “...Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR)...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2013)
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8704by Steen-Larsen, H. C., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Sjolte, J., Johnsen, S. J., Vinther, M., Breon, Francois-Marie, Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Falourd, S., Fettweis, X., Gallee, H., Jouzel, Jean, Kageyama, M., Lerche, H., Minster, B., Picard, G., Punge, H. J., Risi, C., Salas, D., Schwander, J., Steffen, K., Sveinbjornsdottir, A., Svensson, A., White, J.Contributors: “...Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research (2011)
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8705by Petrenko, V., Martinerie, Patricia, Novelli, P., Etheridge, D. M., Levin, I., Wang, Z., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, Jérôme, Kaiser, J., Lang, P., Steele, L.P., Hammer, S., Mak, J. E., Langenfelds, R. L., Schwander, J., Severinghaus, J., Witrant, Emmanuel, Petron, G., Battle, M., Forster, G., Sturges, W. T., Lamarque, J.-F., Steffen, K., White, J. W. C.Contributors: “...Institute of Arctic Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder (INSTAAR)...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2013)
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8706by Petrenko, V., Martinerie, Patricia, Novelli, P., Etheridge, D. M., Levin, I., Wang, Z., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, Jérôme, Kaiser, J., Lang, P., Steele, L.P., Hammer, S., Mak, J. E., Langenfelds, R. L., Schwander, J., Severinghaus, J., Witrant, Emmanuel, Petron, G., Battle, M., Forster, G., Sturges, W. T., Lamarque, J.-F., Steffen, K., White, J. W. C.Contributors: “...Institute of Arctic Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder (INSTAAR)...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2013)
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8707by Petrenko, V., Martinerie, Patricia, Novelli, P., Etheridge, D. M., Levin, I., Wang, Z., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, Jérôme, Kaiser, J., Lang, P., Steele, L.P., Hammer, S., Mak, J. E., Langenfelds, R. L., Schwander, J., Severinghaus, J., Witrant, Emmanuel, Petron, G., Battle, M., Forster, G., Sturges, W. T., Lamarque, J.-F., Steffen, K., White, J. W. C.Contributors: “...Institute of Arctic Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder (INSTAAR)...”
Published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (2013)
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8708by Edwards, Tamsin L., Nowicki, Sophie M.J., Marzeion, Ben, Hock, Regine, Goelzer, Heiko, Seroussi, Hélène, Jourdain, Nicolas, Slater, Donald A., Turner, Fiona E., Smith, Christopher J., Mckenna, Christine M., Simon, Erika G., Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Gregory, Jonathan M., Larour, Eric Y., Lipscomb, William H., Payne, Antony J., Shepherd, Andrew P., Agosta, Cécile, Alexander, Patrick M., Albrecht, Torsten, Anderson, Brian M., Asay-Davis, Xylar S., Aschwanden, Andy, Barthel, Alice M., Bliss, Andrew K., Calov, Reinhard, Chambers, Christopher, Champollion, Nicolas, Choi, Youngmin, Cullather, Richard I., Cuzzone, Joshua K., Dumas, Christophe, Felikson, Denis, Fettweis, Xavier, Fujita, Koji, Galton-Fenzi, Benjamin K., Gladstone, Rupert M.M., Golledge, Nicholas R., Greve, Ralf, Hattermann, Tore, Hoffman, Matthew J., Humbert, Angelika, Huss, Matthias, Huybrechts, P., Immerzeel, Walter Willem (walter), Kleiner, Thomas, Kraaijenbrink, Philip D.A., Le Clec’h, Sébastien, Lee, VictoriaContributors: “...) in the framework of the priority programme ‘Antarctic research with comparative investigations in Arctic ice areas...”
Published in Nature (2021)
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8709by Edwards, Tamsin L., Nowicki, Sophie M.J., Marzeion, Ben, Hock, Regine, Goelzer, Heiko, Seroussi, Hélène, Jourdain, Nicolas, Slater, Donald A., Turner, Fiona E., Smith, Christopher J., McKenna, Christine M., Simon, Erika G., Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Gregory, Jonathan M., Larour, Eric Y., Lipscomb, William H., Payne, Antony J., Shepherd, Andrew P., Agosta, Cécile, Alexander, Patrick M., Albrecht, Torsten, Anderson, Brian M., Asay-Davis, Xylar S., Aschwanden, Andy, Barthel, Alice M., Bliss, Andrew K., Calov, Reinhard, Chambers, Christopher, Champollion, Nicolas, Choi, Youngmin, Cullather, Richard I., Cuzzone, Joshua K., Dumas, Christophe, Felikson, Denis, Fettweis, Xavier, Fujita, Koji, Galton-Fenzi, Benjamin K., Gladstone, Rupert M.M., Golledge, Nicholas R., Greve, Ralf, Hattermann, Tore, Hoffman, Matthew J., Humbert, Angelika, Huss, Matthias, Huybrechts, P., Immerzeel, Walter Willem (Walter), Kleiner, Thomas, Kraaijenbrink, Philip D.A., Le clec’h, Sébastien, Lee, VictoriaContributors: “...) in the framework of the priority programme ‘Antarctic research with comparative investigations in Arctic ice areas...”
Published in Nature (2021)
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8710by Edwards, Tamsin L., Nowicki, Sophie M.J., Marzeion, Ben, Hock, Regine, Goelzer, Heiko, Seroussi, Hélène, Jourdain, Nicolas, Slater, Donald A., Turner, Fiona E., Smith, Christopher J., Mckenna, Christine M., Simon, Erika G., Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Gregory, Jonathan M., Larour, Eric Y., Lipscomb, William H., Payne, Antony J., Shepherd, Andrew P., Agosta, Cécile, Alexander, Patrick M., Albrecht, Torsten, Anderson, Brian M., Asay-Davis, Xylar S., Aschwanden, Andy, Barthel, Alice M., Bliss, Andrew K., Calov, Reinhard, Chambers, Christopher, Champollion, Nicolas, Choi, Youngmin, Cullather, Richard I., Cuzzone, Joshua K., Dumas, Christophe, Felikson, Denis, Fettweis, Xavier, Fujita, Koji, Galton-Fenzi, Benjamin K., Gladstone, Rupert M.M., Golledge, Nicholas R., Greve, Ralf, Hattermann, Tore, Hoffman, Matthew J., Humbert, Angelika, Huss, Matthias, Huybrechts, P., Immerzeel, Walter Willem (walter), Kleiner, Thomas, Kraaijenbrink, Philip D.A., Le Clec’h, Sébastien, Lee, Victoria, Leguy, Gunter R., Little, Christopher M., Lowry, Daniel P., Malles, Jan Hendrik, Martin, Daniel F., Maussion, Fabien, Morlighem, Mathieu, O’neill, James F., Nias, Isabel J., Pattyn, Frank, Pelle, Tyler, Price, Stephen F., Quiquet, Aurélien, Radić, Valentina, Reese, Ronja, Rounce, David Robert, Rückamp, Martin, Sakai, Akiko, Shafer, Courtney, Schlegel, Nicole Jeanne, Shannon, Sarah R., Smith, Robin S., Straneo, Fiamma, Sun, Sainan, Tarasov, Lev, Trusel, Luke D., van Breedam, Jonas, van de Wal, Roderick S.W., van den Broeke, M. R., Winkelmann, Ricarda, Zekollari, Harry, Zhao, Chen, Zhang, Tong, Zwinger, ThomasContributors: “...) in the framework of the priority programme ‘Antarctic research with comparative investigations in Arctic ice areas...”
Published in Nature (2021)
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8711by Edwards, Tamsin L., Nowicki, Sophie M.J., Marzeion, Ben, Hock, Regine, Goelzer, Heiko, Seroussi, Hélène, Jourdain, Nicolas, Slater, Donald A., Turner, Fiona E., Smith, Christopher J., Mckenna, Christine M., Simon, Erika G., Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Gregory, Jonathan M., Larour, Eric Y., Lipscomb, William H., Payne, Antony J., Shepherd, Andrew P., Agosta, Cécile, Alexander, Patrick M., Albrecht, Torsten, Anderson, Brian M., Asay-Davis, Xylar S., Aschwanden, Andy, Barthel, Alice M., Bliss, Andrew K., Calov, Reinhard, Chambers, Christopher, Champollion, Nicolas, Choi, Youngmin, Cullather, Richard I., Cuzzone, Joshua K., Dumas, Christophe, Felikson, Denis, Fettweis, Xavier, Fujita, Koji, Galton-Fenzi, Benjamin K., Gladstone, Rupert M.M., Golledge, Nicholas R., Greve, Ralf, Hattermann, Tore, Hoffman, Matthew J., Humbert, Angelika, Huss, Matthias, Huybrechts, P., Immerzeel, Walter Willem (walter), Kleiner, Thomas, Kraaijenbrink, Philip D.A., Le Clec’h, Sébastien, Lee, Victoria, Leguy, Gunter R., Little, Christopher M., Lowry, Daniel P., Malles, Jan Hendrik, Martin, Daniel F., Maussion, Fabien, Morlighem, Mathieu, O’neill, James F., Nias, Isabel J., Pattyn, Frank, Pelle, Tyler, Price, Stephen F., Quiquet, Aurélien, Radić, Valentina, Reese, Ronja, Rounce, David Robert, Rückamp, Martin, Sakai, Akiko, Shafer, Courtney, Schlegel, Nicole Jeanne, Shannon, Sarah R., Smith, Robin S., Straneo, Fiamma, Sun, Sainan, Tarasov, Lev, Trusel, Luke D., van Breedam, Jonas, van de Wal, Roderick S.W., van den Broeke, M. R., Winkelmann, Ricarda, Zekollari, Harry, Zhao, Chen, Zhang, Tong, Zwinger, ThomasContributors: “...) in the framework of the priority programme ‘Antarctic research with comparative investigations in Arctic ice areas...”
Published in Nature (2021)
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8712by Edwards, Tamsin L., Nowicki, Sophie M.J., Marzeion, Ben, Hock, Regine, Goelzer, Heiko, Seroussi, Hélène, Jourdain, Nicolas, Slater, Donald A., Turner, Fiona E., Smith, Christopher J., Mckenna, Christine M., Simon, Erika G., Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Gregory, Jonathan M., Larour, Eric Y., Lipscomb, William H., Payne, Antony J., Shepherd, Andrew P., Agosta, Cécile, Alexander, Patrick M., Albrecht, Torsten, Anderson, Brian M., Asay-Davis, Xylar S., Aschwanden, Andy, Barthel, Alice M., Bliss, Andrew K., Calov, Reinhard, Chambers, Christopher, Champollion, Nicolas, Choi, Youngmin, Cullather, Richard I., Cuzzone, Joshua K., Dumas, Christophe, Felikson, Denis, Fettweis, Xavier, Fujita, Koji, Galton-Fenzi, Benjamin K., Gladstone, Rupert M.M., Golledge, Nicholas R., Greve, Ralf, Hattermann, Tore, Hoffman, Matthew J., Humbert, Angelika, Huss, Matthias, Huybrechts, P., Immerzeel, Walter Willem (walter), Kleiner, Thomas, Kraaijenbrink, Philip D.A., Le Clec’h, Sébastien, Lee, Victoria, Leguy, Gunter R., Little, Christopher M., Lowry, Daniel P., Malles, Jan Hendrik, Martin, Daniel F., Maussion, Fabien, Morlighem, Mathieu, O’neill, James F., Nias, Isabel J., Pattyn, Frank, Pelle, Tyler, Price, Stephen F., Quiquet, Aurélien, Radić, Valentina, Reese, Ronja, Rounce, David Robert, Rückamp, Martin, Sakai, Akiko, Shafer, Courtney, Schlegel, Nicole Jeanne, Shannon, Sarah R., Smith, Robin S., Straneo, Fiamma, Sun, Sainan, Tarasov, Lev, Trusel, Luke D., van Breedam, Jonas, van de Wal, Roderick S.W., van den Broeke, M. R., Winkelmann, Ricarda, Zekollari, Harry, Zhao, Chen, Zhang, Tong, Zwinger, ThomasContributors: “...) in the framework of the priority programme ‘Antarctic research with comparative investigations in Arctic ice areas...”
Published in Nature (2021)
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8713by Edwards, Tamsin L., Nowicki, Sophie M.J., Marzeion, Ben, Hock, Regine, Goelzer, Heiko, Seroussi, Hélène, Jourdain, Nicolas, Slater, Donald A., Turner, Fiona E., Smith, Christopher J., Mckenna, Christine M., Simon, Erika G., Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Gregory, Jonathan M., Larour, Eric Y., Lipscomb, William H., Payne, Antony J., Shepherd, Andrew P., Agosta, Cécile, Alexander, Patrick M., Albrecht, Torsten, Anderson, Brian M., Asay-Davis, Xylar S., Aschwanden, Andy, Barthel, Alice M., Bliss, Andrew K., Calov, Reinhard, Chambers, Christopher, Champollion, Nicolas, Choi, Youngmin, Cullather, Richard I., Cuzzone, Joshua K., Dumas, Christophe, Felikson, Denis, Fettweis, Xavier, Fujita, Koji, Galton-Fenzi, Benjamin K., Gladstone, Rupert M.M., Golledge, Nicholas R., Greve, Ralf, Hattermann, Tore, Hoffman, Matthew J., Humbert, Angelika, Huss, Matthias, Huybrechts, P., Immerzeel, Walter Willem (walter), Kleiner, Thomas, Kraaijenbrink, Philip D.A., Le Clec’h, Sébastien, Lee, Victoria, Leguy, Gunter R., Little, Christopher M., Lowry, Daniel P., Malles, Jan Hendrik, Martin, Daniel F., Maussion, Fabien, Morlighem, Mathieu, O’neill, James F., Nias, Isabel J., Pattyn, Frank, Pelle, Tyler, Price, Stephen F., Quiquet, Aurélien, Radić, Valentina, Reese, Ronja, Rounce, David Robert, Rückamp, Martin, Sakai, Akiko, Shafer, Courtney, Schlegel, Nicole Jeanne, Shannon, Sarah R., Smith, Robin S., Straneo, Fiamma, Sun, Sainan, Tarasov, Lev, Trusel, Luke D., van Breedam, Jonas, van de Wal, Roderick S.W., van den Broeke, M. R., Winkelmann, Ricarda, Zekollari, Harry, Zhao, Chen, Zhang, Tong, Zwinger, ThomasContributors: “...) in the framework of the priority programme ‘Antarctic research with comparative investigations in Arctic ice areas...”
Published in Nature (2021)
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8714by Lee, Younjoo J., Matrai, Patricia A., Friedrichs, Marjorie A. M., Saba, Vincent, Aumont, Olivier, Babin, Marcel, Buitenhuis, Erik T., Chevallier, Matthieu, de Mora, Lee, Dessert, Morgane, Dunne, John P., Ellingsen, Ingrid H., Feldman, Doron, Frouin, Robert, Gehlen, Marion, Gorgues, Thomas, Ilyina, Tatiana, Jin, Meibing, John, Jasmin G., Lawrence, Jon, Manizza, Manfredi, Menkès, Christophe E., Perruche, Coralie, Le Fouest, Vincent, Popova, Ekaterina E., Romanou, Anastasia, Samuelsen, Annette, Schwinger, Jörg, Séférian, Roland, Stock, Charles A., Tjiputra, Jerry, Tremblay, L. Bruno, Ueyoshi, Kyozo, Vichi, Marcello, Yool, Andrew, Zhang, JinlunContributors: “...International Arctic Research Center (IARC)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (2016)
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8715by Morison, James M., Wilkinson, Jeremy, Alkire, Matthew, Nilsen, Frank, Polyakov, Igor, Smethie, Jr., William, Schlosser, Peter, Vivier, Frédéric, Lourenço, Antonio, Provost, Christine, Pelon, Jacques, Peralta Ferriz, Cecilia, Karcher, Michael, Rabe, Benjamin, Lee, CraigContributors: “...International Arctic Research Center (IARC)...”
Published in ARCTIC (2018)
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8716by Morison, James M., Wilkinson, Jeremy, Alkire, Matthew, Nilsen, Frank, Polyakov, Igor, Smethie, Jr., William, Schlosser, Peter, Vivier, Frédéric, Lourenço, Antonio, Provost, Christine, Pelon, Jacques, Peralta Ferriz, Cecilia, Karcher, Michael, Rabe, Benjamin, Lee, CraigContributors: “...International Arctic Research Center (IARC)...”
Published in ARCTIC (2018)
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8717by Steen-Larsen, H. C., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Sjolte, J., Johnsen, S. J., Vinther, M., Breon, Francois-Marie, Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Falourd, S., Fettweis, X., Gallee, H., Jouzel, Jean, Kageyama, M., Lerche, H., Minster, B., Picard, G., Punge, H. J., Risi, C., Salas, D., Schwander, J., Steffen, K., Sveinbjornsdottir, A., Svensson, A., White, J.Contributors: “...Institute of Arctic Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder (INSTAAR)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research (2011)
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8718by O. A. Kuricheva, V. K. Avilov, A. V. Varlagin, M. L. Gitarskiy, A. A. Dmitrichenko, E. A. Dyukarev, S. V. Zagirova, D. G. Zamolodchikov, V. I. Zyryanov, D. V. Karelin, S. V. Karsanaev, I. N. Kurganova, E. D. Lapshina, A. P. Maximov, T. Ch. Maximov, V. V. Mamkin, A. S. Marunich, M. N. Miglovets, O. A. Mikhailov, A. V. Panov, A. V. Prokushkin, N. V. Sidenko, A. V. Shilkin, A. Kurbatova, О. А. Куричева, В. К. Авилов, А. В. Варлагин, М. Л. Гитарский, А. А. Дмитриченко, Е. А. Дюкарев, С. В. Загирова, Д. Г. Замолодчиков, В. И. Зырянов, Д. В. Карелин, С. В. Карсанаев, И. Н. Курганова, Е. Д. Лапшина, А. П. Максимов, Т. Х. Максимов, В. В. Мамкин, А. С. Марунич, М. Н. Мигловец, О. А. Михайлов, А. В. Панов, А. С. Прокушкин, Н. В. Сиденко, А. В. Шилкин, Ю. А. КурбатоваContributors: “... and adaptive reactions of plants in boreal and arctic ecosystems of the north-east of Russia” (scientific theme...”
Published 2023
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8719by Steen-Larsen, H. C., Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, Sjolte, J., Johnsen, S. J., Vinther, M., Breon, Francois-Marie, Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Falourd, S., Fettweis, X., Gallee, H., Jouzel, Jean, Kageyama, M., Lerche, H., Minster, B., Picard, G., Punge, H. J., Risi, C., Salas, D., Schwander, J., Steffen, K., Sveinbjornsdottir, A., Svensson, A., White, J.Contributors: “...Institute of Arctic Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder (INSTAAR)...”
Published in Journal of Geophysical Research (2011)
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8720by Morison, James M., Wilkinson, Jeremy, Alkire, Matthew, Nilsen, Frank, Polyakov, Igor, Smethie, Jr., William, Schlosser, Peter, Vivier, Frédéric, Lourenço, Antonio, Provost, Christine, Pelon, Jacques, Peralta Ferriz, Cecilia, Karcher, Michael, Rabe, Benjamin, Lee, CraigContributors: “...International Arctic Research Center (IARC)...”
Published in ARCTIC (2018)
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